{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T06:18:39Z","timestamp":1787897919788,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pneumothorax occurs in 0.52% of blind tube placements, with 97% occurring in\u2010procedure. Post\u2010procedure pH or x\u2010ray checks cannot prevent these, but CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      checks or guided tube placement can. Cortrak guided tube placement is widespread, but manufacturer guidance to interpret lung placement is subjective.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Develop objective criteria to differentiate lung from oesophageal tube placement from measurements and patterns in Cortrak traces.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paired comparison of lung and oesophageal Cortrak traces using a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data in critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 126 paired traces, lung position, versus oesophageal, was indicated by deviation from the sagittal midline further from the receiver and by a greater angle and distance. No lung trace moved deep to shallow and returned to the midline then turned left compared with 99.2% of oesophageal traces; 56.3% of traces had some degree of artefact caused by receiver misalignment and required interpretation to account for this.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Differences in trace measurements give early warning of lung placement, and absence of an oesophageal pattern is definitive. Manufacturer guidance describing Cortrak trace is subjective, lacking advice on how to interpret or correct for artefacts. This could fail to prompt a \u2018lung warning\u2019 and\/or lead to unnecessary withdrawal of oesophageal placements; both risk trauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective criteria developed enable detection of lung placement. If regulatory authorities mandate their use in independently accredited training, Cortrak would be a safe method to confirm tube position.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T22:10:12Z","timestamp":1747260612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cortrak feeding tube safety: Criteria for interpreting lung misplacement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3970-1819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Kendon House, Kendon Way, Southmead Hospital  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics and Statistics Research Group University of the West of England, Frenchay Campus  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"Energias Market Research.Global nasogastric tube (NGT) market to witness a CAGR of 6.4% during 2018\u20132024.2018.https:\/\/www.globenewswire.com\/news\u2010release\/2018\/07\/26\/1542510\/0\/en\/Global\u2010Nasogastric\u2010Tube\u2010NGT\u2010Market\u2010to\u2010Witness\u2010a\u2010CAGR\u2010of\u20106\u20104\u2010during\u20102018\u20102024.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"HSIB (Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch).Placement of nasogastric tubes. Independent report by the Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch.2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09246479241295560"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307263.481"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Risks of using bedside tests to verify nasogastric tube position in adult patients","volume":"3","author":"Ni M","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Med J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"NHSI.Resource set initial placement checks for nasogastric and orogastric tubes.2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","unstructured":"FDA.Feeding tube placement systems: letter to health care providers\u2013reports of pneumothorax events.2018. Letter to Health Care Providers."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2021.104071"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20210432"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","unstructured":"Avanos Medical Inc.Cortrak 2 enteral access system. Operating and troubleshooting tips.2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","unstructured":"Avanos Medical Inc.Cortrak 2 enteral access system. Operator's manual and service guide.2022. Accessed November 7 2022.https:\/\/avanos.showpad.com\/share\/kVhc9EQBvVkNbrmCHGzVw"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","unstructured":"Avanos Medical Inc.Cortrak 2 Eneral Access System (EAS). Efficiency that empowers.2024."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2017.26.15.876"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2019.102766"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2020.29.21.1277"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","volume-title":"Guided Feeding Tube Placement","author":"Taylor SJ","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2020.29.12.662"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/bjon.2017.26.13.751"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2017369"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2014954"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2015493"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","first-page":"S198","article-title":"To feed or not to feed, that is the question","volume":"37","author":"McWhirter L","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2019170"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1015"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2020247"}],"container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nicc.70040","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nicc.70040","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nicc.70040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T05:38:28Z","timestamp":1787895508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nicc.70040"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nicc.70040"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nicc.70040","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1362-1017","1478-5153"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1362-1017","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-5153","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70040"}}