{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:17:32Z","timestamp":1791487052028,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745712000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of delirium in intensive care units (ICUs) is high and has a major impact on patient outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe delirium assessment instruments, prevalence, interventions and barriers in delirium management in adult and paediatric ICUs; and to explore the association between delirium prevalence and reported interventions and barriers at unit level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A secondary analysis of the cross\u2010sectional World Delirium Awareness Day Delirium Survey on 15 March 2023. This was a prospective study to assess the one\u2010day point delirium prevalence, practices and quality improvement efforts across healthcare systems. Data was analysed descriptively and using multiple linear regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data of 1612 assessments in 123 ICUs from three German\u2010speaking countries were analysed. The most frequently used delirium assessment instrument was the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (43.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200954). The prevalence of delirium at 8\u2009AM was 18.6% and at 8\u2009PM 20.4% from the 94 ICUs included in the regression analyses. Prevalence for adult and paediatric and mixed ICUs are comparable. Main reported over all unit\u2010level interventions were \u2018pain management\u2019 (95.9%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009118), \u2018mobilization\u2019 (94.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009116) and \u2018verbal re\u2010orientation\u2019 (84.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009104). Main reported over all unit\u2010level barriers were \u2018shortage of staff\u2019 (53.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200966) and \u2018patients who are difficult to assess\u2019 (44.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200955). Interventions such as \u2018avoidance of bladder tubes\/catheters\u2019 in all ICUs, \u2018use of ear plugs and\/or sleep glasses\u2019 in adult ICUs and \u2018mobilization\u2019 in paediatric and mixed ICUs were associated with reduced delirium prevalence. Across all ICUs, as well as in both adult and paediatric ICUs, \u2018lack of appropriate scores for delirium assessment\u2019 was identified as a significant barrier.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One fifth of assessed ICU patients suffer from delirium. Several reported unit\u2010level interventions and barriers may have an impact on delirium prevalence, suggesting an approach for future studies and clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In clinical practice, unit\u2010level \u2018avoidance of bladder tubes\/catheters\u2019, \u2018use of ear plugs and\/or sleep glasses\u2019 and \u2018mobilization\u2019 may be used as delirium prevention and treatment interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T02:09:54Z","timestamp":1745806194000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Delirium prevalence, interventions and barriers in intensive care units in German\u2010speaking countries: A retrospective cross\u2010sectional secondary analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Matthias Thomas","family":"Exl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital Bern University Hospital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Graduate School for Health Science University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sibylle","family":"Fischbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine Community Hospital Zurich, Stadtspital  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Lindroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing Research, Department of Nursing Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, School of Medicine Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Center for Innovation and Implementation Science, School of Medicine Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keibun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non\u2010Profit Organization ICU Collaboration Network (ICON)  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Safety and Sustainability in Healthcare, c\/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Medical University of Graz  Graz 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