{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T12:18:55Z","timestamp":1782994735938,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Delirium, a common complication in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs), can significantly impede recovery and lead to adverse outcomes. The Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium (CAPD) scale, a subjective tool for delirium identification, is influenced by nurses' clinical expertise and cognitive abilities. Therefore, targeted education and training for health care providers are essential.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to enhance PICU nurses' ability to assess paediatric delirium through a Multimodal Educational Programme based on the PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Causes in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation) model.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n A descriptive quantitative study with a pretest\u2010post\u2010test design was conducted. Sixty\u2010five PICU nurses participated in a one\u2010month training programme on paediatric delirium. Training effectiveness was evaluated using the \u201cNurses' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior Survey on Pediatric Delirium,\u201d the \u201cCAPD Competency Test,\u201d and clinical data from CAPD scale usage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Post\u2010training, nurses demonstrated significant improvements in knowledge (95% CI [1.002, 3.518],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.01), attitudes (95% CI [0.344, 3.036],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05) and behaviours (95% CI [1.806, 5.094],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001) related to paediatric delirium. Proficiency in using the CAPD scale also improved significantly (\n t<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u221218.453, 95% CI [6.892, 8.308],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). Inter\u2010rater consistency increased from 66.12% to 87.31% (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n The PRECEDE model\u2010based training programme effectively enhanced nurses' knowledge, attitudes and behaviours regarding paediatric delirium and improved their assessment skills. Future studies should collect data on delirium incidence to determine whether the training reduces paediatric delirium occurrence.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n This training programme promotes more accurate paediatric delirium assessment using the CAPD scale, thereby improving inter\u2010rater consistency among PICU nurses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T21:29:48Z","timestamp":1748813388000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Multimodal Educational Programme to Enhance Nurses' Proficiency in Delirium Recognition in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ling\u2010Ling","family":"Zuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of PICU Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5691-8916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of PICU Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan\u2010Feng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of PICU Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze\u2010Lan","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of PICU Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of PICU Children\u2019s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_16_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000000356"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134\u2010012\u20102518\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002004"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002324"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000002813"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000004661"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520987770"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005168"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000326"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0000000000001558"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3205\/000223"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2017692"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2013.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc7892"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2013.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0578\u20101310.2019.05.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_16_18_1","volume-title":"Health 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