{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:02:05Z","timestamp":1790110925332,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102022R1A2C1011917"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102022R1A2C1011917"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Family voice interventions have emerged as a non\u2010pharmacological approach for delirium prevention; however, evidence regarding their effectiveness remains inconsistent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of family voice interventions in reducing delirium among adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library from inception through 4 March 2025. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias II tool, with analyses performed using Comprehensive Meta\u2010Analysis version 4.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Six randomised controlled trials (reported across seven publications) involving 598 adult ICU patients were included. Family voice interventions significantly reduced delirium incidence (OR\u2009=\u20090.282, 95% CI: 0.126\u20130.630,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002) and duration (Hedges' g\u2009=\u2009\u22121.929, 95% CI: \u22122.980 to \u22120.879,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). No significant effects were observed for mechanical ventilation duration (Hedges' g\u2009=\u2009\u22120.826, 95% CI: \u22121.696 to 0.044,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.063) or ICU length of stay (Hedges' g\u2009=\u2009\u22120.534, 95% CI: \u22121.371 to 0.303,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.211). Subgroup analysis showed multicomponent interventions significantly reduced both delirium incidence (OR\u2009=\u20090.178, 95% CI: 0.046\u20130.681,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.012) and duration (Hedges' g\u2009=\u2009\u22121.888, 95% CI: \u22122.917 to \u22120.859,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while single\u2010component interventions showed no significant effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Family voice interventions effectively reduce delirium incidence and duration in adult ICU patients, with multicomponent approaches demonstrating superior efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Critical care nurses may incorporate family voice interventions as a practical alternative within delirium prevention strategies. Although direct family presence is generally regarded as the preferred form of engagement, recorded voice messages can provide a feasible and meaningful option to enhance patient orientation and emotional connection when families cannot always be present.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Protocol Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study protocol was prospectively registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42025628074)<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T09:31:47Z","timestamp":1760175107000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Effects of Family Voice Intervention on Delirium in Adult Critical Care Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4268-7849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junhee","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Dong\u2010A University Hospital  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8938-7656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiyeon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Dong\u2010A University  Busan South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425787"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000625"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003402"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.291.14.1753"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5935\/0103\u2010507X.20200072"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000003299"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2024.102313"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2022.104239"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2022.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2024.104937"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2025.103976"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.13210"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100040\u20101710572"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iccn.2025.104016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5430\/jnep.v9n10p50"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2024.07.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gerinurse.2022.02.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jehp.jehp_921_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.12913"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. 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