{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:47:31Z","timestamp":1787510851478,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a vital extracorporeal life support for acute cardiopulmonary failure, serving as a critical lifesaving measure widely utilised during the COVID\u201019 pandemic. Despite the enhancement of survival rates and the extension of its utilisation, ECMO survivors face complications and post\u2010discharge challenges. Understanding their lived experience is crucial to promote nursing quality improvement and improve their health\u2010related quality of life (HRQoL).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the lived experiences of ECMO survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A phenomenological study was conducted among patients who had survived ECMO treatment at Tongji Hospital in Wuhan between 2013 and 2023. Interview guides and data analysis were informed by the biopsychosocial medical model. The interview data were analysed using the Giorgi data analysis method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 16 ECMO survivors participated. Three themes and 12 sub\u2010themes emerged: (1) Living conditions and challenges (physical limitations, long\u2010term effects of complications, lifestyle adjustments, self\u2010rehabilitation and exercise, family economic burden); (2) Emotional distress and support (emotional difficulties and psychological challenges, emotion management and support perception); (3) Expectations and needs (desire for expanded insurance reimbursement, eagerness for rehabilitation knowledge, hope for simplified follow\u2010up procedures and normalisation of regular follow\u2010up).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ECMO survivors face multiple challenges and needs during their recovery. To improve their HRQoL and well\u2010being, healthcare providers should closely monitor the psychological status, pay attention to their complaints and feelings, and provide targeted nursing guidance and multidimensional social support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The lived experience of ECMO survivors is complex and their rehabilitation is a long process requiring comprehensive support to assist them in better integrating into society.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T04:20:33Z","timestamp":1770006033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lived Experience of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Survivors: A Phenomenological Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4737-2725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University of Medicine  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Unit Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4338-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Unit Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology  Wuhan Hubei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.9148"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","unstructured":"\u201cGeneral Office of the National Health Commission. Diagnosis and Treatment of Pneumonia Cause by Novel Coronavirus (Trial version 5) [EB\/OL]. (2020\u201002\u201005) [2025\u201003\u201005] \u201dhttp:\/\/www.nhc.gov.cn\/yzygj\/s7653p\/202002\/3b09b894ac9b4204a79db5b8912d4440\/files\/7260301a393845fc87fcf6dd52965ecb.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","unstructured":"\u201cELSO International Summary of Statistics | ECMO | ECLS. [EB\/OL]. (2023\u201010\u201017) [2025\u201003\u201005] \u201dhttps:\/\/www.elso.org\/registry\/internationalsummaryandreports\/internationalsummary.aspx."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAT.0000000000002128"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Chinese Society of Biomedical Engineering, Extracorporeal Circulation Branch, 2022 Chinese Cardiovascular Surgery and Extracorporeal Circulation Data White Paper","volume":"21","author":"Hou X.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Cardiopulmonary Bypass"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1568-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2017707"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12433"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2019.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-016-0389-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Effect of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation on Long\u2010Term Prognosis of Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Zhang J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","first-page":"1273","article-title":"A Qualitative Study on the Real Experience and Nursing Needs of ECMO Survivors","volume":"19","author":"Guo Q.\u2010H.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of General Nursing"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","first-page":"490","article-title":"Analysis of Prognostic Factors of Patients With Cardiogenic Shock Treated With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation","volume":"42","author":"Cao X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Anhui Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_15_15_1","first-page":"850","article-title":"Prognostic Factors of Patients With Delayed Cardiogenic Shock After Cardiac Surgery Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation","volume":"14","author":"Cui Y.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_15_16_1","first-page":"985","article-title":"Analysis of Adverse Prognostic Factors in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock After Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation of Artery and Vein","volume":"36","author":"Meng F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Practical Diagnosis and Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.847460"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_19_1","volume-title":"Qualitative Research in Nursing: Advancing the Humanistic Imperative","author":"Speziale H. 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