{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T06:12:21Z","timestamp":1784268741195,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020884","name":"Agencia Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n y Desarrollo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1241769"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1241769"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020884","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009610","name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["105675\/DPCC2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["105675\/DPCC2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009610","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Family members of critically ill patients are at increased risk of developing psychological disorders after ICU discharge, a condition known as Post\u2010Intensive Care Syndrome\u2010Family (PICS\u2010F). Spiritual care (SC) interventions may reduce this burden, yet are rarely studied in this context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the effect of a volunteer\u2010delivered spiritual care intervention on the prevention of PICS\u2010F, specifically post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression in relatives of ICU patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a quasi\u2010experimental pre\u2010post intervention study in a Chilean ICU. The intervention comprised three structured spiritual care sessions delivered virtually by trained community volunteers using the FICA tool. The primary outcome was PTSD symptoms, measured with the IES\u2010R scale. Secondary outcomes included anxiety and depression (HADS) and satisfaction with the intervention. Given the protective role of family support during ICU stays against PICS\u2010F, a non\u2010randomised prospective study was designed. This study aimed to prevent psychological disorders related to PICS\u2010F by providing support to family members of critically ill patients. It was hypothesised that a systematic general spiritual care intervention compared to standard care would effectively reduce psychological disorders associated with family post\u2010ICU syndrome within 3 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 125 family members participated (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200964 in the control group,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200961 in the intervention group). After the intervention, significant differences were observed in PTSD scores (OR\u2009=\u20090.067; CI 0.010\u20130.458). This was not the case for depression or anxiety. Satisfaction with the intervention was high.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A structured spiritual care intervention delivered by trained community volunteers was feasible and associated with reduced psychological distress in ICU family members. This low\u2010cost and scalable spiritual care intervention, delivered virtually by trained volunteers, demonstrates feasibility and acceptability in ICU settings, particularly in resource\u2010limited contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study demonstrates that a structured, non\u2010denominational spiritual care intervention can significantly reduce symptoms of post\u2010traumatic stress in family members of ICU patients. By integrating generalist spiritual support into ICU family care, delivered by trained volunteers using telehealth platforms, critical care teams can offer compassionate, accessible, and scalable support that addresses emotional and existential suffering. These findings highlight the importance of integrating spiritual care into multidisciplinary approaches to prevent PICS\u2010F and promote holistic, family\u2010centred care in intensive care settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70390","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:22:58Z","timestamp":1772997778000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of a Volunteer\u2010Delivered Spiritual Care Strategy on Preventing Post\u2010Intensive Care Syndrome\u2010Family in Relatives of Critically Ill\n                    <scp>ICU<\/scp>\n                    Patients: A Quasi\u2010Experimental Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Carolina","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Escuela de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Unidad de Paciente Cr\u00edtico Complejo Asistencial Dr. Sotero del R\u00edo  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0930-4452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyla","family":"Alegria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Escuela de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Departamento del Adulto y Senescente, Escuela de Enfermer\u00eda Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Olivares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Bio\u00e9tica, Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Servicio de Medicina Interna Complejo Asistencial Dr. Sotero del R\u00edo  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Rojas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Paciente Critico Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Chile  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"International Research Project for the Humanization of Intensive Care Units (HU\u2010CI Project)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Taboada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile  Santiago Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Manr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Paciente Cr\u00edtico Complejo Asistencial Dr. Sotero del R\u00edo  Santiago 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