{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T07:03:58Z","timestamp":1789715038882,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Delirium in critically ill patients is not an all\u2010or\u2010none condition. It often follows fluctuating patterns\u2014such as resolution, recurrence or persistence\u2014but how these delirium patterns relate to mortality remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate delirium patterns associated with ICU and 30\u2010day mortality following ICU admission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This prospective cohort study included adult patients admitted to six medical ICUs who were prospectively monitored for delirium once daily for up to 14\u2009days or until ICU discharge. Participants were classified into four delirium\u2010pattern groups: no delirium (no ICU\u2010acquired delirium), resolved delirium (sustained negative assessments after initial delirium), recurrent delirium (delirium recurrence after at least two consecutive days without delirium) and persistent delirium (persistent delirium with fewer than two consecutive delirium\u2010free days). ICU and 30\u2010day mortality of ICU admission were recorded by an independent assessor.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 253 classified participants, 158 (62.5%) experienced delirium. Patients were categorized into the four delirium groups: no delirium (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200995; 37.5%), resolved delirium (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200944; 17.4%), recurrent delirium (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200929; 11.5%) and persistent delirium (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200985; 33.6%). Independent of covariates, participants with recurrent delirium (aHR, 1.51; 95% CI, 0.57\u20133.96) and persistent delirium (aHR, 2.03; 95% CI, 0.85\u20134.81) did not associate with increased ICU mortality. However, 30\u2009days following ICU admission, those with persistent delirium had a 2.99\u2010fold increase in mortality (aHR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.53\u20135.83), and those with recurrent delirium had a 2.68\u2010fold increase in mortality (aHR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.18\u20136.07). Patients with resolved delirium had mortality rates comparable to those in the no delirium group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Only specific ICU delirium patterns\u2014recurrent and persistent delirium\u2014are associated with higher ICU and 30\u2010day mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although prevention remains critical, timely and effective delirium management aimed at rapid resolution is equally essential to reducing mortality risk. Recognizing and distinguishing these delirium patterns is therefore imperative for targeted clinical intervention. Prevention and treatment in the most vulnerable group of patients with delirium require more research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinical Trials Registry (Trial No: NCT 04206306).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T10:17:01Z","timestamp":1778753821000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>ICU<\/scp>\n                    Delirium Patterns and 30\u2010Day Mortality in Critically Ill Adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9477-2575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu\u2010Fen","family":"Siao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, National Taiwan University College of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Chi","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University College of Medicine and National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian\u2010Shengchun","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry National Taiwan University Cancer Center  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3747-2215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Chung","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Statistics and Information Science, National Changhua University of Education  Changhua 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Chia\u2010Hui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, National Taiwan University College of Medicine  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei 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