{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T11:58:56Z","timestamp":1785499136774,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782691200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nursing students need to be equipped with effective clinical skills to prevent ventilator\u2010associated pneumonia (VAP) in high\u2010risk patients in intensive care units.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of scenario\u2010based simulation training in developing knowledge and skills for the prevention of VAP in undergraduate nursing students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single\u2010group, pretest\u2010posttest quasi\u2010experimental study was conducted with undergraduate nursing students enrolled in an intensive care course. Scenario\u2010based simulations and a VAP Prevention Performance Checklist were prepared for the study. The students' skill performance was assessed simultaneously by two independent observers before and after the simulation training. Pretest and posttest scores were compared with Wilcoxon, McNemar and McNemar\u2010Bowker tests, and interrater agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 36 students participated in the study. The content validity of the VAP Prevention Performance Checklist was assessed using the Delphi method, which resulted in expert consensus for all items in the second round (the scale\u2010level content validity index was 1.00). There was excellent interrater agreement in the skill performance assessment (ICC\u2009=\u20090.982;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The students' VAP prevention performance scores were significantly higher in the posttest than in the pretest (38.38\u2009\u00b1\u20097.81 vs. 18.38\u2009\u00b1\u20095.06,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002, Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.25).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scenario\u2010based simulation training was shown to be effective in increasing nursing students' awareness and implementation of skills that contribute to the prevention of VAP. Scenario\u2010based simulations can be used as an effective method to improve VAP prevention knowledge and skills during undergraduate nursing education and in\u2010service training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Scenario\u2010based simulations can be used as an effective method to improve VAP prevention knowledge and skills during undergraduate nursing education and in\u2010service training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T07:55:06Z","timestamp":1782719706000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevention of Ventilator\u2010Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: The Effect of Scenario\u2010Based Simulation on Nursing Students' Skill Development Process"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9979-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eylem","family":"Topba\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Science Amasya University  Amasya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9220-5959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u015eenay","family":"Sarmaso\u011flu K\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Mudanya University  Bursa Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9248-9007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zahide","family":"Tun\u00e7bilek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Simulation in Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences Hacettepe University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10060980"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134\u2010020\u201005980\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10040555"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medin.2013.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2021.04.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2020.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/kd.2019.41"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Implementation and Evaluation of the Impact of a \u201cVentilator\u2010Bundle\u201d at Kinshasa University Clinics: Before and After Study","volume":"3","author":"Mavinga N. 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