{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T03:57:32Z","timestamp":1790654252790,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785974400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses experience high levels of stress, anxiety and fatigue. Conventional coping strategies are often difficult to implement during busy shifts. Virtual reality (VR) may offer a practical, non\u2010pharmacological alternative; however, evidence of its effectiveness in ICU nurses remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the effects of a VR application on perceived stress, state anxiety and fatigue among ICU nurses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This parallel\u2010group randomised controlled trial was conducted between June and December 2025 in the adult ICUs of a public hospital in eastern Turkey. Nurses were randomly assigned to an intervention group, which used a VR application during work breaks, or to a control group, which had standard rest periods. Data were collected before and after the intervention using the Demographic Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale\u201010 (PSS\u201010), the State\u2013Trait Anxiety Inventory\u2013State Form (STAI\u2010S) and the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 60 nurses completed the study (intervention\u2009=\u200930, control\u2009=\u200930). At baseline, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups on any outcome measure (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). From pre\u2010test to post\u2010test, the intervention group showed marked reductions in perceived stress, state anxiety and fatigue, whereas the control group remained essentially unchanged. Post\u2010intervention between\u2010group differences were statistically significant for perceived stress (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22125.326), state anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22124.814) and fatigue (\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u221213.587) (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Two\u2010way mixed ANOVA revealed significant group \u00d7 time interactions for perceived stress (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913.525,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7p<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.189), state anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200914.072,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7p<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.195) and fatigue (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200991.192,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7p<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.611).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The VR application was associated with lower levels of perceived stress, state anxiety and fatigue among ICU nurses compared with standard rest periods. However, because the study was conducted in a single hospital and the follow\u2010up period was short, the findings should be interpreted with caution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Short VR sessions during work breaks may help reduce stress, anxiety and fatigue, supporting ICU nurses' well\u2010being and resilience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70617","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T06:25:33Z","timestamp":1786083933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Effects of Virtual Reality Applications on Perceived Stress, Anxiety and Fatigue Among Nurses Working in the Intensive Care Unit"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0061-9490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00fclcan","family":"Bahcecioglu Turan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences, F\u0131rat University  Elaz\u0131\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0618-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatma","family":"G\u00fcr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Nursing F\u0131rat University, Institute of Health Sciences  Elazig Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2431-2346","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z\u00fclf\u00fcnaz","family":"\u00d6zer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"68","article-title":"Yo\u011fun Bakim Hastalarinin Duyusal Girdi Sorunlarinda Tamamlayici Tedaviler","volume":"13","author":"Arslan S.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14687\/jhs.v14i2.4431"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-020-00469-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","volume-title":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda temel kavramlar","author":"\u00d6z F.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"162","article-title":"Hem\u015firelerin a\u011fr\u0131 y\u00f6netimi ile ilgili bilgi, davran\u0131\u015f ve klinik karar verme durumlar\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesi","volume":"2","author":"Demir Y.","year":"2012","journal-title":"\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f T\u0131p Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","volume-title":"Durumluk\u2010s\u00fcrekli kayg\u0131 envanteri el kitab\u0131","author":"\u00d6ner N.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","article-title":"Psychological Interventions for Needle\u2010Related Procedural Pain and Distress in Children and Adolescents","volume":"10","author":"Birnie K. 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