{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:49:42Z","timestamp":1792154982505,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing in Critical Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Next of kin of critically ill patients frequently experience distress. Although family needs have been associated with psychological outcomes, their potential role as a pathway linking clinical and relational factors to emotional distress remains poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To examine whether family needs mediate the relationships between ventilatory support, relationship to the patient and emotional distress among the next of kin of critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Design<\/jats:title>\n A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted in an adult Intensive Care Unit in Portugal between September 2024 and February 2025. Emotional distress was assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales\u201021 and family needs using the Family Needs Inventory in the Intensive Care Unit. Mediation analysis was performed using maximum likelihood estimation with bias\u2010corrected bootstrap confidence intervals (5000 resamples). The study followed the A Guideline for Reporting Mediation Analyses (AGReMA) Statement.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Data from 130 critically ill patient\u2013next of kin dyads were analysed. Next of kin of patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and those with closer relational proximity (spouses and sons\/daughters) reported significantly higher emotional distress (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001). Family needs statistically mediated the relationship between ventilatory support and emotional distress (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20092.386,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.006), and between the relationship to the patient and emotional distress (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20092.384,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.012). Family needs were a significant predictor of emotional distress (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.232,\n p\u2009<<\/jats:italic>\n \u20090.001). The model explained 36.5% of the variance in emotional distress.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Emotional distress among next of kin of critically ill patients was associated with clinical and relational factors. Family needs were identified as a significant mediating factor in these relationships, suggesting that they may represent an explanatory pathway linking critical illness experiences to psychological distress.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title>\n Systematic assessment of family needs may help identify relatives at greater risk of emotional distress. Structured communication, emotional support and family involvement may help improve family\u2010centred care in intensive care settings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nicc.70736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:06:54Z","timestamp":1792152414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Role of Family Needs in Emotional Distress Among Next of Kin of Critically Ill Patients: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2849-4849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernardete Costa","family":"Regalado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade da Regi\u00e3o de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4564-4323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Joaquim Marques","family":"Alvarelh\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4989-2252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Filipe Fernandes Lindo","family":"Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro Aveiro Portugal"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro Aveiro 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