{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:12:39Z","timestamp":1772752359943,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]],"date-time":"2012-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Inquiry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>O\u2019BYRNE P and WATTS J. <jats:italic>Nursing Inquiry<\/jats:italic> 2012 [Epub ahead of print] \u2028<jats:bold>Include, differentiate and manage: gay male youth, stigma and healthcare utilization<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p>In Canada, there has been a recent increase in HIV incidence among young men who have sex with men. However, gay male youth (GMY) may forego HIV testing due to fear of stigmatization. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore the perceptions of stigma in health care within this population. The research was conducted through a series of semi\u2010structured interviews with eight GMY aged 20\u201329, who frequented a gay\u2010friendly clinic in downtown Ottawa, Canada. In a sub\u2010analysis of the interviews utilizing the work of Hardt and Negri\u2019s three\u2010part sequence \u2013 inclusion, differentiation and management \u2013 we found that homosexuality\u2010related stigmatization affects the interaction between GMY and health professionals. Interview participants perceived HIV\u2010related risk counselling as a manifestation of stigma. These findings reveal that the experience of stigma and stigmatization is not necessarily based on health professionals\u2019 intentions, but rather, on patients\u2019 perceptions of the interactions they have with health professionals. Specific modifications to the delivery of health care may help to overcome stigmatization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nin.12014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]],"date-time":"2012-12-13T07:20:10Z","timestamp":1355383210000},"page":"20-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Include, differentiate and manage: gay male youth, stigma and healthcare utilization"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Patrick","family":"O\u2019Byrne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Watts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control [CDC].2011.HIV and AIDS among gay and bisexual men.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchhstp\/newsroom\/docs\/fastfacts\u2010msm\u2010final508comp.pdf(accessed 14 February 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.78.5.334"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1363\/4122509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"The effects of stigma on genital herpes care seeking behaviours","volume":"11","author":"Fortenberry JD","year":"2004","journal-title":"Herpes"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison","author":"Foucault M","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"273","volume-title":"The Foucault reader","author":"Foucault M","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e32833a6b11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"167","volume-title":"The new imperialists: Ideologies of empire","author":"Hanieh A","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"Empire","author":"Hardt M","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.22.5.533"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-48740-3_8","volume-title":"Behavioural interventions for prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases","author":"Hogben M","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2006.0202"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2003.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/cyr064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781446221976"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.aids.0000233579.79714.8d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","first-page":"446","article-title":"Meta\u2010analysis of high\u2010risk sexual behaviour in persons aware and unaware they are infected with HIV in the United States","volume":"39","author":"Marks G","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epidemiology and Social Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"Ottawa Public Health [OPH].2011.June 2011 monthly communicable disease report.http:\/\/www.ottawa.ca\/calendar\/ottawa\/citycouncil\/obh\/2011\/08\u201015\/Supporting%20Document%20to%20Report%201%20ENG.pdf\u200a(accessed 29 February 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada [PHAC].2010a.National HIV prevalence and incidence estimates in Canada for 2008.http:\/\/www.phac\u2010aspc.gc.ca\/aids\u2010sida\/publication\/epi\/2010\/1\u2010eng.php(accessed 29 February 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"Public Health Agency of Canada [PHAC]. 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