{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:32:08Z","timestamp":1790573528082,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Inquiry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Critical care nursing is central to intensive care delivery, yet its costs and burdens remain largely invisible in low\u2010 and lower\u2010middle\u2010income countries. As critical care services expand in response to epidemiological transitions and global health emergencies, economic evaluations increasingly guide policy and resource allocation. However, prevailing health economic frameworks privilege infrastructure, technology, and physician\u2010led interventions while treating nursing labor as a fixed or residual input. Using a feminist political economy and social reproduction lens, this discursive paper argues that the key research gap lies not only in limited data but also in systematic undervaluation of critical care nursing as gendered, socially necessary labor. Drawing on feminist economics, labor theory, and health workforce research, this paper examines how dominant costing and cost\u2010effectiveness approaches obscure the variable and value\u2010generating nature of nursing work. Nursing labor misclassification can distort incremental cost\u2010effectiveness ratios, creating a false appearance of efficiency by excluding key labor inputs. These omissions shift costs onto nurses through work intensification, burnout, moral distress, migration, and onto households through unpaid caregiving and out\u2010of\u2010pocket spending. The paper proposes a feminist health economics research agenda prioritizing labor\u2010sensitive costing, workforce well\u2010being, gender\u2010responsive analysis, household cost accounting, and nurse\u2010led research supporting equitable and sustainable critical care systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nin.70097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T19:14:36Z","timestamp":1774898076000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["<i>Valuing Invisible Labor<\/i>\n                    : A Feminist Political Economy Analysis of the Cost and Burden of Critical Care Nursing in Low\u2010 and Lower\u2010Middle\u2010Income Countries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5001-6946","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel Joseph E.","family":"Berdida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing North Private College of Nursing  Arar Northern Border Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Marian School of Nursing Emilio Aguinaldo College\u2010Manila  Manila Philippines"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0327198"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2025.2457713"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13563460701661561"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230522404"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.23.289996"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-375678-7.01418-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JPBAFM-07-2023-0130"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/jj.6737820"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/09697330241252875"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2008.10.015"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","first-page":"401","article-title":"The International Organization for Migration and New Global Migration Governance","volume":"63","author":"Chuang J. 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