{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:58:06Z","timestamp":1778219886961,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,29]],"date-time":"2013-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLESR<\/jats:styled-content>) is a vagally mediated reflex that occurs most frequently after a meal. Cardiac vagal tone (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content>) decreases after a meal, and correlates with changes in gastric electrical activity. Furthermore, decreased <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content> has been reported in patients with gastro\u2010esophageal reflux disease. We therefore aimed to characterize the association between postprandial changes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content> and the occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLESR<\/jats:styled-content> and reflux.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten healthy volunteers underwent simultaneous autonomic nervous system, gastric myoelectric activity, lower esophageal\u2010sphincter pressure, and reflux monitoring for 30\u00a0min in the fasting state, followed by a standard meal, and a further 4\u00a0h postprandially. Results are in mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLESR<\/jats:styled-content>s (P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and reflux episodes (P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) increased after the meal, while <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content> decreased (P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Cardiac sensitivity to baroreceptor reflex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSB<\/jats:styled-content>) showed similar time course changes to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content> (P\u00a0=\u00a00.06). During the first postprandial hour there was a strong correlation between the number of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLESR<\/jats:styled-content>s and reflux episodes with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content> (R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.51 and R<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0=\u00a00.50, respectively; P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). There was also an increase in the dominant power and power ratio on electrogastrography (P\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) after the meal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>In healthy volunteers, the increase in the number of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLESR<\/jats:styled-content>s and reflux episodes after a meal occurred mostly at a time of reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content>. Further studies should explore whether modulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CVT<\/jats:styled-content> can modify frequency of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLESR<\/jats:styled-content>s and also this relationship should be further explored in patients with reflux disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,30]],"date-time":"2013-07-30T01:51:07Z","timestamp":1375149067000},"page":"841","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Postprandial cardiac vagal tone and transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (<scp>TLESR<\/scp>)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Digestive Diseases Blizard Institute and Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London 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