{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:56:19Z","timestamp":1790517379384,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,2]],"date-time":"2013-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional dyspepsia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content>) is characterized by chronic epigastric symptoms. The stomach has been held responsible for the generation of symptoms, but the latest reports have pointed out that also the duodenum can be implicated in the pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to elucidate which dyspeptic symptoms originate from the stomach and\/or from the small intestine after a meal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred eighty\u2010four <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FD<\/jats:styled-content> patients underwent a gastric emptying breath test. Breath samples were taken and the intensity of six dyspeptic symptoms (fullness, bloating, belching, nausea, epigastric burning, and epigastric pain) was scored before a meal and at 15\u00a0min intervals for a period of 240\u00a0min postprandially. Time curves of each symptom were analyzed and severity scores during the gastric and the intestinal phase were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Time curves of fullness, bloating, belching, and nausea displayed a significant negative slope, while symptom severity of epigastric burning and epigastric pain did not decrease over time. Numerical analysis revealed that scores for fullness, bloating, and belching were higher during the gastric phase compared with the intestinal phase. On the other hand, intensities of nausea, epigastric burning, and epigastric pain were similar during both phases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intensities of fullness, bloating, and belching decrease with food moving from the stomach to the small intestine indicating that the stomach plays a crucial role in the generation of these symptoms. In contrast, the symptom severity of epigastric burning and epigastric pain persists with progression of food to the small intestine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,2]],"date-time":"2013-09-02T10:04:43Z","timestamp":1378116283000},"page":"911","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Postprandial symptoms originating from the stomach in functional dyspepsia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Vanheel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Vanuytsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Van Oudenhove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Farr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) Instituto de Salud Carlos II Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Verbeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LForCe) KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Tack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2004.01897.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.45.2008.ii37"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.059"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200220050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01097.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.05.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl\u20102012\u2010303857"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(05)00153-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(04)00454-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.137125"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01262.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.053355"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70012-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","first-page":"824","article-title":"Combined carbon\u201013\u2010glycine\/carbon\u201014\u2010octanoic acid breath test to monitor gastric emptying rates of liquids and solids","volume":"35","author":"Maes BD","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90640-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07389.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.00597.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v110.pm8612991"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.10.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-006-1847-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018878717715"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.03789.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00046.2009"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; 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