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The cellular distribution and function of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> in the enteric nervous system (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENS<\/jats:styled-content>) remain unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Western blot and reverse transcription\u2010polymerase chain reaction analysis were used respectively to identify the protein and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> and other neuronal markers. Multi\u2010labeled immunofluorescent microscopy and confocal image analysis were used to examine the cellular distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like immunoreactivity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content>) in whole mount intestine. Enteric neuronal cell line (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENC<\/jats:styled-content>) was infected with lentivirus carrying <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> or its sh<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression vectors and treated with vehicle or tumor necrosis factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>)\u03b1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> is expressed at both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> and protein levels in different regions and layers of the mouse intestine. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content> was co\u2010localized with various neuronal markers, but not with glial, smooth muscular, or interstitial cells of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ajal markers. A small population of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010expressing cells and fibers in extra\u2010ganglionic and intra\u2010ganglionic area were negative for pan\u2010neuronal markers HuD or Peripherin. Relatively high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IR<\/jats:styled-content> was found in 35\u201344% of myenteric neurons and 9\u201310% of submucosal neurons. Approximately 98%, 87%, and 43% of these relatively high <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010expressing neurons were positive for choline acetyltransferase, neuronal nitric oxide synthase and Calretinin, respectively. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> sh<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> knockdown in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENC<\/jats:styled-content> inhibited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03b1\u2010induced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NF<\/jats:styled-content>\u03baB activation and neuronal differentiation, whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> overexpression promoted it.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> is extensively expressed in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENS<\/jats:styled-content> with relatively high level in a subpopulation of enteric neurons. Various <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> expression levels in different neurons may represent dynamic trafficking or posttranslational modification of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NIBP<\/jats:styled-content> in some functionally active neurons and ultimately regulate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENS<\/jats:styled-content> plasticity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,9]],"date-time":"2013-09-09T06:07:19Z","timestamp":1378706839000},"page":"77-97","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Expression and function of <scp>NIK<\/scp>\u2010 and <scp>IKK<\/scp>2\u2010binding protein (<scp>NIBP<\/scp>) in mouse enteric nervous system"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Bitner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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