{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T18:27:45Z","timestamp":1790965665511,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,6]],"date-time":"2014-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010resolution manometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content>) based on spatiotemporal plots is increasingly being used. The aim this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the influence of gender, with adjustment for age, body mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>), and vaginal delivery, on anorectal functions in asymptomatic adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010four asymptomatic healthy subjects (M\u00a0:\u00a0F\u00a0=\u00a027\u00a0:\u00a027; age\u00a0=\u00a020\u201367\u00a0years) who were matched by age and gender were enrolled prospectively. We evaluated anorectal pressures, rectal sensation using a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content> probe, and balloon expulsion time. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to identify the independent effects of each factor.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anal resting pressure (median [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IQR<\/jats:styled-content>]; 32 [18] <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> 46 [17] mmHg, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), anal squeeze pressure (75 [28] vs 178 [72] mmHg, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), rectal pressure (33 [16] vs 53 [46] mmHg, p\u00a0=\u00a00.009) and anal pressure (16 [17] vs 30 [36] mmHg, p\u00a0=\u00a00.019) during simulated evacuation with rectal distention, and the threshold for the desire to defecate (60 [20] vs 80 [60] mL, p\u00a0=\u00a00.020) were significantly lower in women than in men. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> was positively correlated with anal resting pressure (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.598\u20132.947) and negatively correlated with the threshold for first sensation (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: \u22120.099 to \u22120.015). Vaginal delivery did not affect any of the anorectal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content> parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content> parameters may be associated with gender and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>. Therefore, gender and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> should be taken into consideration when interpreting <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content> results.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,6]],"date-time":"2014-01-06T06:56:53Z","timestamp":1388991413000},"page":"529-537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Normal values for high\u2010resolution anorectal manometry\/topography in a healthy Korean population and the effects of gender and body mass index"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"H. J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. W.","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. W.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Ilsan Paik Hospital Inje University College of Medicine Goyang Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.\u2010K.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I. J.","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. S.","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Y.","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.\u2010H.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.\u2010J.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Asan Digestive Disease Research Institute Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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