{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T07:04:31Z","timestamp":1789455871854,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,17]],"date-time":"2014-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recently, it has been suggested that low esophageal basal impedance may reflect impaired mucosal integrity and increased acid sensitivity. We aimed to compare baseline impedance levels in patients with heartburn and pathophysiological characteristics related to functional heartburn (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content>) divided into two groups on the basis of symptom relief after proton pump inhibitors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with heartburn and negative endoscopy were treated with esomeprazole or pantoprazole 40\u00a0mg daily for 8\u00a0weeks. According to MII\u2010pH (off therapy) analysis, patients with normal acid exposure time (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AET<\/jats:styled-content>), normal reflux number, and lack of association between symptoms and refluxes were selected; of whom 30 patients with a symptom relief higher than 50% after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPI<\/jats:styled-content>s composed Group A, and 30 patients, matched for sex and age, without symptom relief composed Group B. A group of 20 healthy volunteers (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HV<\/jats:styled-content>s) was enrolled. For each patient and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HV<\/jats:styled-content>, we evaluated the baseline impedance levels at channel 3, during the overnight rest, at three different times.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Group A (vs Group B) showed an increase in the following parameters: mean <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AET<\/jats:styled-content> (1.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.8% vs 0.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.6%), mean reflux number (30.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.7 vs 24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.9), proximal reflux number (11.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.2 vs 8.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.6), acid reflux number (17.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.1 vs 10.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.9). Baseline impedance levels were lower in Group A than in Group B and in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HV<\/jats:styled-content>s (p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluating baseline impedance levels in patients with heartburn and normal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AET<\/jats:styled-content> could achieve a better understanding of pathophysiology in reflux disease patients, and could improve the distinction between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FH<\/jats:styled-content> and hypersensitive esophagus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,17]],"date-time":"2014-01-17T07:11:12Z","timestamp":1389942672000},"page":"546-555","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":218,"title":["Esophageal baseline impedance levels in patients with pathophysiological characteristics of functional heartburn"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Martinucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"de Bortoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Savarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology University of Padua Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Piaggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obesity Research Center Endocrinology Unit University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Antonelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Savarino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology University of Genoa Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Frazzoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Pathophysiology Unit New S. 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