{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:14:22Z","timestamp":1790223262506,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1403740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China","award":["2011CDB100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011CDB100"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of gastric electrical stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content>) with different parameters on emesis induced by apomorphine, and possible center mechanisms by brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (f<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six dogs implanted with electrodes on gastric serosa were used in this study. Part 1: Apomorphine was injected in the control session and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> sessions. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content>s with different parameters were applied in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> session. Gastric slow waves and emesis and behaviors suggestive of nausea were recorded in each session. Part 2: Each dog was anesthetized and given <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content>s with different parameters or sham stimulation for 15\u00a0min after baseline (5\u00a0min), respectively. The location of cerebral activation induced by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> was investigated by f<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apomorphine induced emesis and behaviors suggestive of nausea, and gastric dysrhythmia. The emesis frequency in control session was 5.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.99, and symptoms score was 22.17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.01. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> with short pulse and long pulse could not improve emesis and symptoms induced by apomorphine. The emesis frequency (4.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.76 in short pulse and 6.33\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.05 in long pulse) and symptoms scores had no significant difference compared to control session (each <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> with trains of short pulse reduced emesis time frequency (3.83\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.7, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.042 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> control) and symptoms score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037 <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic> control) obviously. Brain f<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> showed that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> with short pulse and long pulse activated brain stem region, and trains of short pulse made amygdala and occipital lobe activation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Apomorphine induced emesis and gastric dysrhythmia. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GES<\/jats:styled-content> with trains of short pulses relieves emetic responses through activation of amygdala region.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,26]],"date-time":"2014-06-26T08:04:10Z","timestamp":1403769850000},"page":"1049-1056","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Antiemesis effect and brain f<scp>MRI<\/scp> response of gastric electrical stimulation with different parameters in 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