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This study aimed to develop an instrument to rectify this gap in our knowledge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Concepts were initially identified from the literature and interviews with gastroenterologists. Exploratory one\u2010to\u2010one interviews and focus groups with irritable bowel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content>) patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a028) and non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> subjects (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a027) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRS<\/jats:styled-content> were conducted in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UK<\/jats:styled-content>, France, and Spain leading to a conceptual framework for the questionnaire. Last, iterative rounds of cognitive debriefing were performed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a016) and non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> subjects (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a014).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the first three steps, nine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GRS<\/jats:styled-content> (bloating, distension, flatulence, odorous flatulence, difficult gas evacuation, stomach rumbling, belching, bad breath, and abdominal movement) were identified although abdominal movement was subsequently excluded. Twelve quality of life domains affected by these symptoms were identified as: Clothing, emotional, physical appearance, diet, daily living, work, social life, physical activity, relationships, sex life, sleep, and cognitive function. A 24\u2010h recall for symptoms and a 7\u2010day recall for impact assessment were supported by the qualitative findings. Cognitive debriefing confirmed the understanding of the instrument. Across the three languages, the instrument was conceptually and linguistically consistent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>The International Gas Questionnaire is a 2\u2010part instrument, developed rigorously and simultaneously in three languages assessing seven symptoms (17 items) and their impact on 12 domains (26 items) in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> and general population. It is now undergoing psychometric validation and should provide a unique tool for epidemiological surveys and clinical trials for developing new treatments for these symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,6]],"date-time":"2015-04-06T05:42:28Z","timestamp":1428298948000},"page":"885-898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Intestinal Gas Questionnaire: development of a new instrument for measuring gas\u2010related symptoms and their impact on daily life"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"O.","family":"Chassany","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient\u2010Centered Outcomes Research EA 7334 University Paris\u2010Diderot Paris France"},{"name":"Health Economics Clinical Research Unit Hotel\u2010Dieu hospital AP\u2010HP Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Tugaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEOR &amp; Strategic Market Access Mapi Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Marrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HEOR &amp; Strategic Market Access Mapi Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Guyonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Danone Nutricia Research Palaiseau France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Arbuckle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endpoint Development and Outcomes Assessment Adelphi Values Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Duracinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient\u2010Centered Outcomes Research EA 7334 University Paris\u2010Diderot Paris France"},{"name":"Internal Medicine &amp; Clinical Immunology Department Bic\u00eatre Hospital AP\u2010HP Kremlin\u2010Bic\u00eatre France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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