{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T03:24:59Z","timestamp":1761017099854},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]],"date-time":"2015-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Danish Council for Strategic Research, The Danish Agency for Science, Technology and Innovation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pathophysiology behind idiopathic fecal incontinence (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content>) is poorly understood. We hypothesized abnormal sensory pathways along the brain\u2010gut axis as a key player in this disease, reflected in cortical evoked potentials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>) from mechanical stimuli of the rectum and the anal canal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>s were recorded during repeated rapid balloon distensions of the rectum and anal canal in 19 women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content> (mean age: 60\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014, mean Wexner score: 14.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9) and in 19 healthy women (mean age: 56\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011, mean Wexner score: 1.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.3). Latencies, amplitudes and topography of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>s elicited by rectal distension were compared between the groups. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>s from both rectal and anal distensions were examined using spectral band analysis of single sweeps determining the relative amplitude of five spectral bands as a proxy of neuronal processing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to controls <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content> patients had prolonged latency of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>s from rectal distension by up to 27% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) while amplitudes and topography were similar (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.7 and all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.23). Spectral analysis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>s from rectal distensions showed no difference (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.1) between groups. However, analysis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CEP<\/jats:styled-content>s following distension of the anal canal resulted in abnormally low activity in beta (8\u201312\u00a0Hz; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) band and high activity in the gamma (32\u201370\u00a0Hz; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.04) band in patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content> seems to be associated with impaired ano\u2010rectal sensory functions in both the afferent fibers to the brain and the cortical processing of anal sensory pathways. This may play a central role for the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]],"date-time":"2015-04-23T06:07:12Z","timestamp":1429769232000},"page":"954-962","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Abnormal neuronal response to rectal and anal stimuli in patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Haas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery P Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Brock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mech\u2010Sense Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Krogh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogastroenterology Unit Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mech\u2010Sense Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Lundby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery P Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"Drewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mech\u2010Sense Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark"},{"name":"Center for Sensory\u2010Motor Interaction (SMI) Department of Health Science and Technology Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Laurberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery P Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.396"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01400.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365529950172934"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2005.40021.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.047696"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(51)92242-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.4.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12341"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050307"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02050417"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MIB.0000209365.09189.04"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310004399"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024107209436"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2005.00709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00403.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00010.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"The ten\u2010twenty electrode system of the International Federation. The International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"52","author":"Klem GH","year":"1999","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(94)90193-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNP.0b013e3181aed1a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2011.07.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01153.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12120"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182196ff4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000095921.81600.4d"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90326-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2011.579160"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2011.04104.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/8\/5\/056014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2013.00424.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2007.05.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015075101937"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Event\u2010Related Potentials: A Methods Handbook","author":"Luck S","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00097.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5877-11.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.01.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.26.010302.081134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2374"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35049054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.6.847"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0141-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000044152.79316.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01752.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91799-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3181cf8ed0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181ca7dc2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181ab81fe"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.7536"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnmo.12567","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.12567","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T12:49:58Z","timestamp":1696250998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.12567"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.12567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.12567","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,23]]}}}