{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:09:55Z","timestamp":1791216595288,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,22]],"date-time":"2015-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The role of childhood environment including exposure to infection via siblings and pets in irritable bowel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content>) and dyspepsia is relatively unknown. We assessed proxy measures of microbial exposure in early childhood to assess if these are associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> and functional dyspepsia in later life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0767, response rate\u00a0=\u00a053%) were a random population sample from Sydney, Australia who previously responded to a validated survey. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> and functional dyspepsia were defined using Rome III criteria. Early environmental risk factors assessed included type of birth delivery, premature birth, breastfeeding, bedroom sharing, and pet exposure (the latter two then combined as early hygiene factors) up to 5\u00a0years of age. Post infectious <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content>) was assessed by development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> following gastroenteritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this sample, in adult life 17% developed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> (of which 20% had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content>) and 12% functional dyspepsia. Development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> was associated with childhood factors\u2014a shorter duration of breastfeeding (odds ratios [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>]\u00a0=\u00a00.87, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.78\u20130.97, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01), sharing a bedroom (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.89, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.73\u20133.08, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01), exposure to a herbivore pet (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.65 (1.10, 2.48), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02), and hygiene factors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a04.39; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.89\u201310.21, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001). The sole factor associated with functional dyspepsia was exposure to a herbivore pet (1.79; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.19\u20132.87, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood environment factors, particularly bedroom sharing and pet exposure, combined with subsequent risk of microbial exposure are a risk factor for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content> in later life. These associations however need confirmation to rule out any risk of a type I error.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,22]],"date-time":"2015-07-22T08:55:00Z","timestamp":1437555300000},"page":"1317-1325","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Identification of early environmental risk factors for irritable bowel syndrome and dyspepsia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"N. A.","family":"Koloski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Macquarie University North Ryde NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Weltman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Nepean Hospital Penrith NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Kalantar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Nepean Hospital Penrith NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Bone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Nepean Hospital Penrith NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Gowryshankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology Nepean Hospital Penrith NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. M.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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