{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T13:51:11Z","timestamp":1740145871877,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,24]],"date-time":"2015-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007660","name":"University of Antwerp","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22292","28313","G019314N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22292","28313","G019314N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Intestinal dendritic cells (DC<\/jats:styled-content>s) maintain immune homeostasis, only initiating an active immune response against invading pathogens. However, little information is available on the reaction of mononuclear phagocytes (MNP<\/jats:styled-content>) to intestinal trematode infection, a reaction equally important in helminth\u2010based therapies. The CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CX<\/jats:styled-content>3CR<\/jats:styled-content>1+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0F4\/80\u2212<\/jats:sup> DC<\/jats:styled-content>s in the ileal lamina propria (LP<\/jats:styled-content>) of the mouse were proven to migrate to the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN<\/jats:styled-content>s). We analyzed all MNP<\/jats:styled-content> subsets present in the mouse LP<\/jats:styled-content> and MLN<\/jats:styled-content>s, under steady\u2010state conditions and during acute Schistosoma mansoni<\/jats:italic>\u2010induced inflammation. Furthermore, we studied the uptake of schistosomal antigens by MNP <\/jats:styled-content>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic> in the LP<\/jats:styled-content> and MLN<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Using a combination of immunohistochemistry and multiparametric flow cytometry, we investigated distributional changes of the MNP<\/jats:styled-content> during acute intestinal schistosomiasis. Next, S.\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic>\u2010derived products, i.e., S.\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic> soluble worm proteins (SmSWP<\/jats:styled-content>) and S.\u00a0mansoni<\/jats:italic> soluble egg antigens (SmSEA<\/jats:styled-content>) were intraperitoneally injected into CX<\/jats:styled-content>3CR<\/jats:styled-content>1+\/<\/jats:sup>GFP<\/jats:sup><\/jats:styled-content> C57BL\/6 mice and antigen uptake was analyzed using confocal microscopy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Key Results<\/jats:title>The CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CX<\/jats:styled-content>3CR<\/jats:styled-content>1+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0F4\/80\u2212<\/jats:sup> DC<\/jats:styled-content>s significantly increased during intestinal schistosomiasis in the LP<\/jats:styled-content> and MLN<\/jats:styled-content>s. Only CX<\/jats:styled-content>3CR<\/jats:styled-content>1\u2010expressing DC<\/jats:styled-content> and M\u0424 subsets, but not other LP DC<\/jats:styled-content>s, are involved in both SmSWP<\/jats:styled-content> and SmSEA<\/jats:styled-content> antigen uptake and processing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions & inferences<\/jats:title>The significant upregulation of CD<\/jats:styled-content>11c+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0CX<\/jats:styled-content>3CR<\/jats:styled-content>1+<\/jats:sup>\u00a0F4\/80\u2212<\/jats:sup> DC<\/jats:styled-content>s during intestinal schistosomiasis and the restriction of phagocytosis of parasitic antigens to CX<\/jats:styled-content>3CR<\/jats:styled-content>1\u2010expresssing MNP<\/jats:styled-content> indicate a crucial role for this immune cell niche in response to trematodiasis. These findings add insight into the functional specialization of LP<\/jats:styled-content> immune cells and add to the understanding of cellular mechanisms behind helminth\u2010based therapies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12658","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]],"date-time":"2015-08-25T04:08:44Z","timestamp":1440475724000},"page":"1587-1599","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of schistosomiasis on CX<\/scp>3CR<\/scp>1\u2010expressing mononuclear phagocytes in the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes of the mouse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Alpaerts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9976-2889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.","family":"Buckinx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Cools","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Heylen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Nullens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Berneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio) Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) Edegem Belgium"},{"name":"Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"De Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Antwerp 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