{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T15:06:59Z","timestamp":1790435219026,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008666","name":"Fundaci\u00f3 la Marat\u00f3 de TV3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008666","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies have found that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPA<\/jats:styled-content>1 receptor agonists improve swallow response in patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OD<\/jats:styled-content>), but little is known about the expression of these receptors in the human oropharynx. The aim of this study was to assess the expression and localization of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPA<\/jats:styled-content>1 in human samples from the oropharynx of healthy patients, to provide the basis for new pharmacological treatments for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Samples from oropharyngeal regions innervated by cranial nerves V, IX, and X (tongue, pharynx, and epiglottis) were obtained during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ENT<\/jats:styled-content> surgery and processed either for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> (21 patients) or for immunohistochemical assays (seven patients). The expression analysis was performed with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content> using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ACTB<\/jats:styled-content>h as reference gene. Hemotoxylin and eosin staining was used to study the histology; the immunohistochemical assay used (i) neuron\u2010specific enolase to detect nerve fibers or (ii) fluorescent probes to locate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPA<\/jats:styled-content>1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1 was expressed in the three studied regions, with higher levels in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CN<\/jats:styled-content> V region (tongue) than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CN<\/jats:styled-content> X region (epiglottis; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), and was localized at epithelial cells and nociceptive fibers in all studied regions. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPA<\/jats:styled-content>1 was also expressed in all studied regions, but was always localized below the basal lamina. No immunoreactivity for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPA<\/jats:styled-content>1 was found on epithelial cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPA<\/jats:styled-content>1 are widely expressed in the human oropharynx with two distinct patterns. Our study further confirms that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1\/A1 receptors are promising therapeutic targets to develop active treatments for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OD<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12701","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T08:56:42Z","timestamp":1446627402000},"page":"91-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Localization and expression of <scp>TRPV<\/scp>1 and <scp>TRPA<\/scp>1 in the human oropharynx and larynx"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Alvarez\u2010Berdugo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastrointestinal Motility Laboratory Hospital de Matar\u00f3 Consorci Sanitari del Maresme Matar\u00f3 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Rofes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Farr\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas Instituto de Salud Carlos III Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders KU Leuven \u2010 University of Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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