{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,6]],"date-time":"2025-12-06T04:57:44Z","timestamp":1764997064463},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007819","name":"Allergan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007819","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Changes in central pain modulation have been implicated in generalized pain syndromes such as irritable bowel syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content>). We have previously demonstrated that reduced descending inhibition unveils a role of sympathoneuronal outflow in decreasing peripheral sensory thresholds, resulting in stress\u2010induced hyperalgesia. We investigated whether sympathetic nervous system (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content>) exacerbation of pain sensation when central pain inhibition is reduced is relevant to chronic pain disorders using a rat colon irritation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) model of chronic visceral hypersensitivity with hallmarks of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rats were treated to a series of colorectal balloon distensions (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRD<\/jats:styled-content>) as neonates resulting in visceral and somatic hypersensitivity and altered stool function that persists into adulthood. The visceral sensitivity was assessed by recording electromyographic (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EMG<\/jats:styled-content>) responses to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRD<\/jats:styled-content>. Somatic sensitivity was assessed by paw withdrawal thresholds to radiant heat. The effects on the hypersensitivity of (i) inhibiting sympathoneuronal outflow with pharmacological and surgical interventions and (ii) enhancing the outflow with water avoidance stress (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAS<\/jats:styled-content>) were tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The alpha2\u2010adrenergic agonist, clonidine, and the alpha1\u2010adrenergic antagonist, prazosin, reduced the visceral hypersensitivity and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WAS<\/jats:styled-content> enhanced the pain. Chemical sympathectomy with guanethidine and surgical sympathectomy resulted in a loss of the chronic visceral hypersensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results support a role of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SNS<\/jats:styled-content> in driving the chronic visceral and somatic hypersensitivity seen in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> rats. The findings further suggest that treatments that decrease sympathetic outflow or block activation of adrenergic receptors on sensory nerves could be beneficial in the treatment of generalized pain syndromes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12742","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T06:37:33Z","timestamp":1450247853000},"page":"423-431","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Role of sympathetic nervous system in rat model of chronic visceral pain"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"D. W.","family":"Gil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergan Irvine CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Little Rock AR USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Little Rock AR USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Donello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergan Irvine CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergan Irvine CA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E. D.","family":"Al\u2010Chaer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences American University of Beirut (AUB) Beirut Lebanon"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology and Developmental Sciences University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) Little Rock AR USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00053-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2010.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2011.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10225"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.028514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2010.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00290-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2867-10.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31821c3878"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/363543a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)61087-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2003.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.19576"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-9081-4-28"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2004.01.083"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"Role of the sympathetic nervous system in chronic visceral hypersensitivity in rats","author":"Wang J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dig Dis Week"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","article-title":"Chronic visceral hypersensitivity in the Colon Irritation rat model is a sympathetically\u2010mediated pain","author":"Gil DW","year":"2012","journal-title":"14th World Cong Pain"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02719-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/46040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02358-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1740925X07000439"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2010.01491.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200606000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2006.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm14162"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2012.01980.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10253890.2014.951034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.281.6.G1468"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2008.01171.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0950-3579(96)80022-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mcg.0000135362.35665.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00416-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(92)90259-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02787-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06208.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0256-08.2008"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnmo.12742","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.12742","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,24]],"date-time":"2023-09-24T15:19:36Z","timestamp":1695568776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.12742"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.12742"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.12742","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]]}}}