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However, alterations in sensory afferents of distant areas remain unexplored. Using the <jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic> infection model, which causes a jejunitis, we investigated the remodeling of colonic afferents and the potential role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTF<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rats were infected with <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic>. Inflammatory\u2010like changes, mucosal mast cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMC<\/jats:styled-content>s) dynamics, and expression of nerve growth factor and glial cell line\u2013derived <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTF<\/jats:styled-content>s (glial cell\u2013derived neurotrophic factor, artemin, and neurturin) were determined in the colon up to day 30 postinfection. Functional responses of colonic afferents were determined assessing changes in the expression of sensory\u2010related markers in thoracolumbar (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TL<\/jats:styled-content>)\/lumbosacral (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS<\/jats:styled-content>) dorsal root ganglias (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content>s) following intracolonic capsaicin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Trichinella spiralis<\/jats:italic> induced an inflammatory\u2010like response within the colon, partly resolved at day 30 postinfection, except for a persistent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMC<\/jats:styled-content> infiltrate. While the jejunum of infected animals showed an up\u2010regulation in the expression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTF<\/jats:styled-content>s, a transitory down\u2010regulation was observed in the colon. Overall, <jats:italic>T. spiralis<\/jats:italic> effects on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRG<\/jats:styled-content>s gene expression were restricted to a transient down\u2010regulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TPRV<\/jats:styled-content>1. Stimulation with intracolonic capsaicin induced a down\u2010regulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRPV<\/jats:styled-content>1 levels in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS DRG<\/jats:styled-content>s, an effect enhanced in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LS DRG<\/jats:styled-content>s of infected animals, regardless the postinfection time considered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>During intestinal inflammation, spread morphological and functional alterations, including remodeling of visceral afferents, are observed outside the primary region affected by the insult. Similar mechanisms might be operating in states of widespread alterations of visceral sensitivity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12766","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,15]],"date-time":"2016-01-15T11:44:35Z","timestamp":1452858275000},"page":"693-704","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Persistent alterations in colonic afferent innervation in a rat model of postinfectious gut dysfunction: Role for changes in peripheral neurotrophic factors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Jard\u00ed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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