{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T23:49:40Z","timestamp":1791589780823,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,24]],"date-time":"2016-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1458777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vagus nerve (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VN<\/jats:styled-content>) is a key element of the autonomic nervous system. As a mixed nerve, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VN<\/jats:styled-content> contributes to the bidirectional interactions between the brain and the gut, i.e., the brain\u2010gut axis. In particular, after integration in the central autonomic network of peripheral sensations such as inflammation and pain via vagal and spinal afferents, an efferent response through modulation of preganglionic parasympathetic neurons of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and\/or preganglionic sympathetic neurons of the spinal cord is able to modulate gastrointestinal nociception, motility, and inflammation. A low vagal tone, as assessed by heart rate variability, a marker of the sympatho\u2010vagal balance, is observed in functional digestive disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases. To restore a normal vagal tone appears as a goal in such diseases. Among the therapeutic tools, such as drugs targeting the cholinergic system and\/or complementary medicine (hypnosis, meditation\u2026), deep breathing, physical exercise, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VN<\/jats:styled-content> stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VNS<\/jats:styled-content>), either invasive or non\u2010invasive, appears as innovative. There is new evidence in the current issue of this Journal supporting the role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VNS<\/jats:styled-content> in the modulation of gastrointestinal functions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,24]],"date-time":"2016-03-24T10:39:31Z","timestamp":1458815971000},"page":"455-462","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Vagal tone: effects on sensitivity, motility, and inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"B.","family":"Bonaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic of Hepato\u2010Gastroenterology University Hospital Grenoble France"},{"name":"Stress and Neuro\u2010Digestive Interactions Inserm U1216 University Grenoble Alpes, Institute of Neurosciences Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Sinniger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Clinic 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