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This permanent situation of anticipation and uncertainty can lead to anxiety, which may, in turn, trigger relapse. We aimed to investigate the effects of uncertainty on behavioral and brain responses to anticipation of visceral discomfort in quiescent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Barostat\u2010controlled rectal distensions were preceded by cued uncertain or certain anticipation in nine <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and nine matched healthy volunteers. Brain responses obtained before distension across the different anticipation conditions in regions of interest (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROI<\/jats:styled-content>) involved in (anticipation of) pain were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging and compared between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> and controls. The association between anxiety\u2010related psychological variables and cerebral anticipatory activity was tested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During uncertainty, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> patients had significantly stronger activations than controls in the cingulate cortex, insula, amygdala, and thalamus with trends in the hippocampus, prefrontal, and secondary somatosensory cortex. In patients, brain responses to uncertainty in the majority of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROI<\/jats:styled-content> correlated positively with gastrointestinal symptom\u2010specific anxiety, trait\u2010anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a context of uncertainty regarding occurrence of uncomfortable visceral sensations, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content> is associated with excessive reactivity in brain regions known to be involved in sensory, cognitive and emotional aspects of pain processing and modulation, and threat appraisal. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the role of emotional and cognitive processes in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>. This may, in turn, lead to the development of new (psycho)therapeutic approaches for management of symptoms and related anxiety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12844","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,2]],"date-time":"2016-05-02T06:11:07Z","timestamp":1462169467000},"page":"1419-1432","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Brain responses to uncertainty about upcoming rectal discomfort in quiescent Crohn's disease \u2013 a <scp>fMRI<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Rubio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, U1216 Grenoble France"},{"name":"Univ. Grenoble Alpes, GIN Grenoble France"},{"name":"CHU Grenoble Alpes H\u00f4pital Couple Enfants Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Pellissier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM, U1216 Grenoble France"},{"name":"Univ. 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