{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T18:34:16Z","timestamp":1792089256824,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1488499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010AG034676"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010AG034676"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is unknown why functional gastrointestinal disorders (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s) overlap and limited information exists on risk factors for those with overlap. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of combinations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s including reflux (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2010gastroesophageal reflux [<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content>]), and evaluate potential risk factors for people with multiple disorders in a representative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> community.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A population\u2010based study was conducted by mailing a valid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GI<\/jats:styled-content> symptom questionnaire to an age\u2010 and gender\u2010stratified random sample of residents of Olmsted County, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MN<\/jats:styled-content>. Rome III definitions were used to identify people with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content> was defined by weekly or more frequent heartburn or acid regurgitation. The prevalence of people meeting multiple symptom complexes was estimated. Moreover, potential risk factors for people with multiple disorders were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 3548 people provided data for each of the necessary symptom questions (mean age: 61\u00b116\u00a0years, 54% female). Among these 3548 subjects, 2009 (57%) had no <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content>, 906 (26%) had a pure <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content>, 372 (10%) had 2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content>, and 261 (7%) had 3 or more <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content>. Somatization as assessed by a higher Somatic Symptom Checklist score (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>=3.3, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> [2.7,4.1]) was associated with an increased odds for those with 3 or more <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content> compared to subjects with a pure <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content> adjusting for age and gender.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Symptom complex overlap is common rather than rare in the community. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GER<\/jats:styled-content> is an integral symptom complex associated with both upper and lower <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s. Somatization is a strong risk factor for multiple <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGID<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T05:32:45Z","timestamp":1488519165000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Multiple functional gastrointestinal disorders linked to gastroesophageal reflux and somatization: A population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"R. S.","family":"Choung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"G.","family":"Richard Locke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. D.","family":"Schleck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. R.","family":"Zinsmeister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. 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