{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T19:48:53Z","timestamp":1769284133198,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,18]],"date-time":"2017-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001501","name":"University Grants Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F.4\u20105\/151\u2010FRP\/2014BSR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F.4\u20105\/151\u2010FRP\/2014BSR"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001501","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Stress\u2010induced chronic neuropsychiatric conditions such as anxiety are often co\u2010morbid with gastrointestinal malfunctions. While we find enduring anxiety\u2010like symptoms following minimal traumatic brain injury (MTBI<\/jats:styled-content>) in rats, gastrointestinal consequences of MTBI<\/jats:styled-content> remain elusive.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>In this study, we examined the effects of MTBI<\/jats:styled-content> on a major gut peptide, neuropeptide Y (NPY<\/jats:styled-content>) and gut motility. DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation was studied as a possible epigenetic mechanism operative in the regulation of NPY<\/jats:styled-content> expression in the gut.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Key Results<\/jats:title>Minimal traumatic brain injury reduced the gut motility 48\u00a0hours and 30\u00a0days after trauma. The expression of DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methyltransferase isoforms (DNMT<\/jats:styled-content>1, DNMT<\/jats:styled-content>3a, and DNMT<\/jats:styled-content>3b) was altered in the jejunum 48\u00a0hours and 30\u00a0days after MTBI<\/jats:styled-content>. However, the mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels of growth arrest and DNA<\/jats:styled-content> damage 45 (GADD<\/jats:styled-content>45) isoforms, GADD<\/jats:styled-content>45a, and GADD<\/jats:styled-content>45b, which are believed to be involved in active DNA<\/jats:styled-content> demethylation, initially decreased at 48\u00a0hours but subsequently increased after 30\u00a0days of trauma. Similarly, DNA<\/jats:styled-content> hypomethylation at the NPY<\/jats:styled-content> promoter region in the jejunum was correlated with the increase in NPY mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> and protein levels 30\u00a0days post\u2010trauma. On the other hand, DNA<\/jats:styled-content> hypomethylation at 48\u00a0hours was associated with a decline in NPY<\/jats:styled-content> expression. Treatment with 5\u2010azacytidine (5\u2010AzaC), a DNMT<\/jats:styled-content> inhibitor, retarded DNA<\/jats:styled-content> methylation and restored the NPY mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels in the jejunum of MTBI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions & Inferences<\/jats:title>These results suggest that DNA<\/jats:styled-content> demethylation could be operative as an epigenetic mechanism in the long\u2010term regulation of NPY<\/jats:styled-content> gene expression to alter the gut motility during traumatic stress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,18]],"date-time":"2017-04-18T08:42:58Z","timestamp":1492504978000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Traumatic stress\u2010induced persistent changes in DNA<\/scp> methylation regulate neuropeptide Y expression in rat jejunum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Sagarkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Mahajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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