{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T08:43:49Z","timestamp":1765356229206,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]],"date-time":"2017-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499299200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13GW0022C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13GW0022C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current standard for pelvic intraoperative neuromonitoring (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">pIONM<\/jats:styled-content>) is based on intermittent direct nerve stimulation. This study investigated the potential use of transcutaneous sacral nerve stimulation for non\u2010invasive verification of pelvic autonomic nerves.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A consecutive series of six pigs underwent low anterior rectal resection. For transcutaneous sacral nerve stimulation, an array of ten electrodes (cathodes) was placed over the sacral foramina (S2 to S4). Anodes were applied on the back, right and left thigh, lower abdomen, and intra\u2010anally. Stimulation using the novel method and current standard were performed at different phases of the experiments under electromyography of the autonomic innervated internal anal sphincter (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcutaneous stimulation induced increase of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>activity could be observed in each animal under specific cathode\u2010anode configurations. Out of 300 tested configurations, 18 exhibited a change in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>activity correlated with intentional autonomic nerve damage. The damage resulted in a significant decrease of the relative area under the curve of the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>frequency spectrum (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.001). Comparison of the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>spectra under transcutaneous and direct stimulation revealed no significant difference (after rectal resection: median 5.99\u00a0\u03bcV\u2022Hz vs 7.78\u00a0\u03bcV\u2022Hz,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.12; after intentional nerve damage: median \u22120.27\u00a0\u03bcV\u2022Hz vs 3.35\u00a0\u03bcV\u2022Hz,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=.29).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010invasive selective transcutaneous sacral nerve stimulation could be used for verification of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAS<\/jats:styled-content>innervation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]],"date-time":"2017-07-06T08:03:05Z","timestamp":1499328185000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Transcutaneous sacral nerve stimulation for intraoperative verification of internal anal sphincter innervation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1568-6300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. W.","family":"Kauff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery University Medicine of the Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Moszkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inomed Medizintechnik GmbH Emmendingen Germany"},{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering St. Ingbert Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Wegner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inomed Medizintechnik GmbH Emmendingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Heimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Neurosurgical Pathophysiology University Medicine of the Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.\u2010P.","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering St. Ingbert Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T. B.","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inomed Medizintechnik GmbH Emmendingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery University Medicine of the Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Kneist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery University Medicine of the Johannes Gutenberg\u2010University Mainz Mainz Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.13115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2015.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31826fd684","article-title":"Individualized radical\u00a0hysterectomy\u00a0procedure using intraoperative electrical\u00a0stimulation\u00a0for patients with cervical cancer","volume":"22","author":"Nagai T","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Gynecol Cancer"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-4787-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2013.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-017-3409-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-014-1160-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-010-1015-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445683"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"The pelvic splanchnic nerves: an examination into their range and character","volume":"33","author":"Harman NB","year":"1899","journal-title":"J Anat Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-016-1543-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000473725"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10151-014-1207-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/codi.12371"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0b013e31827aed41"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2010.02229.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.26.831"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000523"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)91799-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5905"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.4196"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e3182196ff4"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnmo.13140","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.13140","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,21]],"date-time":"2025-06-21T11:08:50Z","timestamp":1750504130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.13140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.13140"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.13140","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1350-1925"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2982"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,6]]},"article-number":"e13140"}}