{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T01:11:23Z","timestamp":1790039483824,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Achalasia is a disease of mechanical esophageal dysfunction characterized by dysphagia, chest pain, regurgitation, and malnutrition. The Eckardt symptom score (\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is the gold standard self\u2010report assessment tool. Current guidelines outline a three\u2010step approach to patient reported outcomes measure design. Developed prior to these policies, the\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n has not undergone rigorous testing of its reliability and validity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Adult achalasia patients retrospectively identified via a patient registry were grouped based on treatment history. Patients were grouped\n PREPOST<\/jats:styled-content>\n (completed\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n GERDQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n , brief esophageal dysphagia questionnaire,\n NIH PROMIS<\/jats:styled-content>\n Global Health, high resolution manometry, timed barium esophagram prior to treatment and after) and\n POST<\/jats:styled-content>\n (completed measures only after treatment). Clinical characteristics, treatment type and date were obtained via medical record. Standardized psychometric analyses for reliability and construct validity were performed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key Results<\/jats:title>\n \n 107 patients identified; 83\n POST<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 24\n PREPOST<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n has fair internal consistency and split\u2010half reliability with a single factor structure. Dysphagia accounts for half the variance in\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , while chest pain and weight loss account for 10% each. Pre\u2010post\u2010surgical assessment demonstrates improvements in\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n , except for weight loss. Effect sizes range from 0.24 to 2.53, with greatest change in regurgitation. Validity of the\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n is supported by modest correlations with\n GERDQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n HRQOL<\/jats:styled-content>\n , and physiological data.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions & Inferences<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n demonstrates fair reliability and validity, with a single factor structure mostly explained by dysphagia. Based on psychometric findings, weight loss and chest pain items may be decreasing\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n reliability and validity. Further assessment of the\n ESS<\/jats:styled-content>\n under\n FDA<\/jats:styled-content>\n guidelines is warranted.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T02:10:26Z","timestamp":1515550226000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Evaluating the reliability and construct validity of the Eckardt symptom score as a measure of achalasia severity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4670-2441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. H.","family":"Taft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1702-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. A.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Triggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Craft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Starkey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Yadlapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. E.","family":"Pandolfino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"1611","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of achalasia patients: a ten\u2010year review of the clinical features","volume":"61","author":"Yasawy MI","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v19.i35.5806"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01834.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.196"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1010502"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-014-2869-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dote.12064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.402"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04461.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1177\/000313480707300403","article-title":"The value of scoring achalasia: a comparison of current systems and the impact on treatment\u2013the surgeon's viewpoint","volume":"73","author":"Gockel I","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.12.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91428-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2921"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2009.04142.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-009-9496-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01532.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12477"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327574ijt0502_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.4770140211"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8223(93)91819-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-015-2790-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2016.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04791.x"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology & Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnmo.13287","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.13287","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T11:18:35Z","timestamp":1695467915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.13287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.13287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.13287","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"article-number":"e13287"}}