{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T02:53:11Z","timestamp":1772160791545,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01\u2010DK92179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01\u2010DK92179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R56\u2010DK67071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56\u2010DK67071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR002377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR002377"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Nausea, vomiting, and constipation (\n OIC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) are common adverse effects of acute or chronic opioid use. Naloxegol (25\u00a0mg) is an approved peripherally active mu\u2010opiate opioid receptor antagonist.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To compare the effects on pan\u2010gut transit of treatment with codeine, naloxegol, or combination in healthy volunteers.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a randomized, double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled, single\u2010center, parallel\u2010group study in 72 healthy opioid\u2010na\u00efve adults, randomized to: codeine (30\u00a0mg q.i.d.), naloxegol (25\u00a0mg daily), codeine and naloxegol, or matching placebo. During 3\u00a0days of treatment, we measured gastric emptying (\n GE<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\n T<\/jats:italic>\n 1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n , colonic filling at 6\u00a0hours (\n CF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 6), colonic geometric center at 24 and 48\u00a0hours, and ascending colon emptying (\n ACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\n T<\/jats:italic>\n 1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Participants were 59.7% women, median\n BMI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 25.0\u00a0kg\/m\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n , and median age 33.8\u00a0years. Codeine significantly retarded\n GE<\/jats:styled-content>\n T<\/jats:italic>\n 1\/2,<\/jats:sub>\n CF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 6, overall colonic transit, and\n ACE<\/jats:styled-content>\n T<\/jats:italic>\n 1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n . There was significant difference (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.026) in\n GE<\/jats:styled-content>\n T<\/jats:italic>\n 1\/2<\/jats:sub>\n between codeine (144.0\u00a0min [\n IQR<\/jats:styled-content>\n 110.5\u2010238.6]) and naloxegol (95.5\u00a0min [89.1\u2010135.4]). There was a significant overall group difference in\n CF<\/jats:styled-content>\n 6 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.023), with significant difference (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.019) between codeine (11.0% [0.0\u201045.0]) and naloxegol (51% [18.8\u201076.2]). However, no significant differences were found between codeine\u2010treated participants concomitantly receiving placebo or naloxegol.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n Short\u2010term administration of naloxegol (25\u00a0mg) in healthy,\u00a0opioid\u2010na\u00efve volunteers does not reverse the retardation of gastric, small\u00a0bowel, or colonic transit induced by acute administration of codeine. Further studies with naloxegol at higher dose are warranted to assess the ability to reverse the retardation of transit caused by acute administration of codeine in opioid\u2010na\u00efve subjects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T08:08:23Z","timestamp":1517904503000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effects of naloxegol on whole gut transit in opioid\u2010na\u00efve healthy subjects receiving codeine: A randomized, controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Halawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Vijayvargiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Busciglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Oduyebo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Khemani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ryks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Rhoten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Burton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (C.E.N.T.E.R.), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. 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