{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T04:54:14Z","timestamp":1778820854574,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519862400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK64775"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK64775"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001511","name":"Auckland Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bioelectrical slow waves are a coordinating mechanism of small intestine motility, but extracellular human studies have been restricted to a limited number of sparse electrode recordings. High\u2010resolution (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>) mapping has offered substantial insights into spatiotemporal intestinal slow wave dynamics, but has been limited to animal studies to date. This study aimed to translate intra\u2010operative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> mapping to define pacemaking and conduction profiles in the human small intestine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immediately following laparotomy, flexible\u2010printed\u2010circuit arrays were applied around the serosa of the proximal jejunum (128\u2010256 electrodes; 4\u20105.2\u00a0mm spacing; 28\u201059\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Slow wave propagation patterns were mapped, and frequencies, amplitudes, downstroke widths, and velocities were calculated. Pacemaking and propagation patterns were defined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis comprised nine patients with mean recording duration of 7.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.8\u00a0minutes. Slow waves occurred at a frequency of 9.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0cpm, amplitude 0.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0mV, downstroke width 0.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1\u00a0seconds, and with faster circumferential velocity than longitudinal (10.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.8 vs 9.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.7\u00a0mm\/s; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001). Focal pacemakers were identified and mapped (n\u00a0=\u00a04; mean frequency 9.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2\u00a0cpm). Disordered slow wave propagation was observed, including wavefront collisions, conduction blocks, and breakout and entrainment of pacemakers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study introduces <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content> mapping of human intestinal slow waves, and provides first descriptions of intestinal pacemaker sites and velocity anisotropy. Future translation to other intestinal regions, disease states, and postsurgical dysmotility holds potential for improving the basic and clinical understanding of small intestine pathophysiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T09:02:54Z","timestamp":1519894974000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Intra\u2010operative high\u2010resolution mapping of slow wave propagation in the human jejunum: Feasibility and initial results"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1610-3787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. 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