{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:13:14Z","timestamp":1790611994773,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]],"date-time":"2018-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DK 78924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DK 78924"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["M01 RR00585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M01 RR00585"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endoanal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> defecography are used to identify anal sphincter injury and disordered defecation. However, few studies have evaluated findings in asymptomatic healthy people. The effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> and parity on rectoanal motion and evacuation are unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 113 asymptomatic females (age 50\u00a0\u00b1\u00a017\u00a0years, Mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>) without risk factors for anorectal trauma, anal sphincter appearance, anorectal motion, and pelvic organ prolapse were evaluated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>. The relationship between age, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>, and parity and structural findings were evaluated with parametric and non\u2010parametric tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The anal sphincters and puborectalis appeared normal in over 90% of women. During dynamic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>, the anorectal angle was 100\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00ba (Mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SEM<\/jats:styled-content>) at rest, 70\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00b0 at squeeze, and 120\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02\u00b0 during defecation. The change in anorectal angle during squeeze (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212.25, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.005), but not during evacuation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.13, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.25) was associated with age. In the multivariable models, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01) and parity (<jats:italic>P\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.01) were, respectively, independently associated with the intersubject variation in the anorectal angle at rest and the angle change during squeeze. Ten percent or fewer women had had descent of the bladder base or uterus 4\u00a0cm or more below the pubococcygeal line or a rectocele measuring 4\u00a0cm or larger. Only 5% had a patulous anal canal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In addition to age, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> and parity also affect anorectal motion in asymptomatic women. These findings provide age\u2010adjusted normal values for rectoanal anatomy and pelvic floor motion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]],"date-time":"2018-03-02T09:39:14Z","timestamp":1519983554000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Normal values for assessment of anal sphincter morphology, anorectal motion, and pelvic organ prolapse with <scp>MRI<\/scp> in healthy women"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Tirumanisetty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Prichard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Clinic College of Medicine  Rochester MN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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