{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T18:07:50Z","timestamp":1780337270988,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,30]],"date-time":"2018-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1522368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>High resolution manometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content>) is the gold standard to diagnose esophageal motility disorders but has some limitations. The inclusion of provocative tests might enhance the diagnostic yield of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRM<\/jats:styled-content>. These tests are easy to perform and to add to the regular manometry protocol. Multiple rapid swallows (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRS<\/jats:styled-content>; 5 2\u2010mL swallows) is useful to assess the contractile reserve and deglutitive inhibition. The optimal number of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRS<\/jats:styled-content> to perform might be 3 as suggested by Mauro et\u00a0al. in this issue of <jats:italic>Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility<\/jats:italic>. The absence of contractile reserve might be associated with gastro\u2010esophageal reflux disease and with an increased risk of post fundoplication dysphagia. Single viscous and solid swallows might enhance the detection of esophageal motility disorders but are not significantly associated with symptom occurrence. Test meal has the advantage to represent a real\u2010life scenario and is promising to depict significant motility findings responsible for esophageal symptoms. Post\u2010prandial recording might also be of interest to diagnose rumination and belching disorders. The best indication of rapid drink challenge test (free drinking of 200\u00a0mL) is currently the diagnosis of esophago\u2010gastric junction obstruction. Finally, abdominal compression might be an option to evaluate response of esophageal peristalsis in a context of outflow resistance as proposed by Brink et\u00a0al. in this issue. These provocative maneuvers appear to provide a complementary role in the evaluation of esophageal motility but require prospective studies to determine the validity of the findings and whether they will lead to changes in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,6]],"date-time":"2018-04-06T09:07:17Z","timestamp":1523005637000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Esophageal provocation tests: Are they useful to improve diagnostic yield of high resolution manometry?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1702-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. 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