{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:38:49Z","timestamp":1753879129846,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Health reference FIS-ISCIII","award":["PI 07\/0772"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI 07\/0772"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Voluntary anal sphincter function is driven by an extended network of brain structures, most of which are still unknown. Disturbances in this function may cause fecal incontinence. The aim of this study was to characterize the cerebral areas involved in voluntary contraction of the anorectal sphincter in healthy women and in a group of patients with fecal incontinence by using a standardized functional magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>) protocol.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This comparative study included 12 healthy women (mean age 53.17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.93\u00a0years) and 12 women with fecal incontinence (56.25\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.94\u00a0years). An <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010compatible anal manometer was used to register voluntary external anal sphincter contraction. During brain <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content> imaging, participants were cued to perform 10\u2010s series of self\u2010paced anal sphincter contractions at an approximate rate of 1\u00a0Hz. Brain structures linked to anal sphincter contractions were mapped and the findings were compared between the 2 study groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no differences in the evoked brain activity between the 2 groups. In healthy women, group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content> analysis revealed significant activations in medial primary motor cortices, supplementary motor area, bilateral putamen, and cerebellum, as well as in the supramarginal gyrus and visual areas. In patients with fecal incontinence, the activation pattern involved similar regions without significant differences with healthy women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>This brain <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fMRI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010anorectal protocol was able to map the brain regions linked to voluntary anal sphincter function in healthy and women with fecal incontinence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,14]],"date-time":"2018-04-14T23:47:29Z","timestamp":1523749649000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Assessment of brain activity during voluntary anal sphincter contraction: Comparative study in women with and without fecal incontinence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8233-4888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Par\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Colorectal Surgery Unit Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol School of Medicine Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona  Badalona Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Vilalta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Parc de Salut Mar  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Design Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Barcelona  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Soriano\u2010Mas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Bellvitge 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