{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:43:30Z","timestamp":1790617410566,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,23]],"date-time":"2018-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1524441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008339","name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 EY013610"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY013610"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Direct diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIBO<\/jats:styled-content>) requires the collection and culture of fluid from the jejunal lumen, with a finding of over 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> viable bacteria per mL. More often, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIBO<\/jats:styled-content> is diagnosed indirectly, using a non\u2010invasive test of the exhaled hydrogen and methane generated by microbial fermentation when ingested glucose reaches the jejunum. Our objective was to determine how well this breath test detects chronic overgrowth of jejunal bacteria that is unrelated to gastrointestinal surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighteen patients reporting symptoms consistent with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIBO<\/jats:styled-content> received a glucose breath test. On a later day, the jejunal lumen was sampled via aspiration during enteroscopy. Jejunal aspirates were cultured on aerobic and anaerobic media. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> was extracted from the same samples and analyzed by quantitative pan\u2010bacterial <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> amplification of 16S ribosomal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rRNA<\/jats:styled-content> genes, which provided a culture\u2010independent bacterial cell count.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined bacterial colony counts ranged from 5.7\u00a0x\u00a010<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> to 7.9\u00a0x\u00a010<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CFU<\/jats:styled-content>\/mL. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based yields ranged from 1.5\u00a0x\u00a010<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> to 3.1\u00a0x\u00a010<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> bacterial genomes per mL. Microbial viability ranged from 0.3% to near 100%. We found no significant correlation of glucose breath test results with either the number of bacterial colonies or with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010based bacterial cell counts. Instead, higher signals in the hydrogen\u2010methane breath test were significantly correlated with a lower viability of jejunal bacteria, at a <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value of .014.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>The glucose\u2010based hydrogen and methane breath test is not sensitive to the overgrowth of jejunal bacteria. However, a positive breath test may indicate altered jejunal function and microbial dysbiosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,24]],"date-time":"2018-04-24T05:57:04Z","timestamp":1524549424000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Does a glucose\u2010based hydrogen and methane breath test detect bacterial overgrowth in the jejunum?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8125-2653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O. H.","family":"Sundin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Mendoza\u2010Ladd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Paul L. Foster School of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. M.","family":"Fagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Diaz\u2010Ar\u00e9valo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Ordo\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Unit Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso  El Paso TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6652-8049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. 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