{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:15:32Z","timestamp":1791231332439,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,8]],"date-time":"2018-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81300282"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81300282"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81573788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81573788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diabetes can result in pathological changes to enteric nervous system. Our aim was to test the dynamic changes of enteric neurons and identify the role of enteric glial cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGC<\/jats:styled-content>s) in regulating enteric neuron expression in diabetic rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single injection of streptozotocin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content>) was used to establish diabetic rats. Animals were randomly distributed into diabetic 1\u2010, 4\u2010, 8\u2010, and 16\u2010week groups, as well as age\u2010matched control groups. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGP<\/jats:styled-content>9.5\u2010 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)\u2010immunopositive cells were quantified by immunohistochemistry. The protein levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGP<\/jats:styled-content>9.5, Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> nNOS<\/jats:styled-content>, S\u2010100\u03b2, and c\u2010fos were determined by western blotting. The levels of nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin 3 (NT\u20103), and glial cell\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were tested by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>An increase in blood glucose and a decrease in body weight were observed following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STZ<\/jats:styled-content> administration. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PGP<\/jats:styled-content>9.5 expression did not change in the diabetic ileum. However, Ch<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AT<\/jats:styled-content> increased after 16\u00a0weeks, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">nNOS<\/jats:styled-content> decreased after 8 and 16\u00a0weeks in the\u00a0ilea of diabetic rats. The absence of degeneration of enteric neurons during the acute stage of the disease could be the consequence of the up\u2010regulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GFAP<\/jats:styled-content>, S\u2010100\u03b2, and c\u2010fos. Moreover, the content of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGF<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> NT<\/jats:styled-content>\u20103, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GDNF<\/jats:styled-content> in the\u00a0ileum increased by varying\u00a0degrees after 1 and\/or 4\u00a0weeks of diabetes. Using 2 co\u2010culture models of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGC<\/jats:styled-content>s and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SY<\/jats:styled-content>5Y cells in\u00a0a high\u00a0glucose\u00a0condition, the supportive role of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EGC<\/jats:styled-content>s was further confirmed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Enteric glial cell activation can protect enteric neurons from damage due to diabetes in the acute stage of the disease, in part via the promotion of neurotrophin release.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T06:10:30Z","timestamp":1525846230000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Enteric glial cell 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