{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:00:43Z","timestamp":1791475243264,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000052","name":"NIH Office of the Director","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OT2OD023847"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OT2OD023847"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Vagus nerve stimulation (\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is an emerging electroceutical therapy for remedying gastric disorders that are poorly managed by pharmacological treatments and\/or dietary changes. Such therapy seems promising as the vagovagal neurocircuitry modulates the enteric nervous system to influence gastric functions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Here, the modulatory effects of left cervical\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n on gastric emptying in rats were quantified using a (i) feeding protocol in which the animal voluntarily consumed a postfast, gadolinium\u2010labeled meal and (ii) a non\u2010invasive imaging method to measure antral motility, pyloric activity and gastric emptying based on contrast\u2010enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and computer\u2010assisted image processing pipelines.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Vagus nerve stimulation significantly accelerated gastric emptying (sham vs\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 29.1%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.5% vs 40.7%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.9% of meal emptied per 4\u00a0hours), caused a greater relaxation of the pyloric sphincter (sham vs\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 1.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 vs 2.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4\u00a0mm\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n cross\u2010sectional area of lumen), and increased antral contraction amplitude (sham vs\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 23.3%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.0% vs 32.5%\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.0% occlusion), peristaltic velocity (sham vs\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 0.50\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.02 vs 0.67\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.03\u00a0mm\u00a0s\n \u22121<\/jats:sup>\n ), but not its contraction frequency (sham vs\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 6.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 vs 6.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 contractions per minute,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.22). The degree to which\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n relaxed the pylorus was positively correlated with gastric emptying rate (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a0.5887,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions & Inferences<\/jats:title>\n \n The\n MRI<\/jats:styled-content>\n protocol employed in this study is expected to enable advanced preclinical studies to understand stomach pathophysiology and its therapeutics. Results from this study suggest an electroceutical treatment approach for gastric emptying disorders using cervical\n VNS<\/jats:styled-content>\n to control the degree of pyloric sphincter relaxation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T04:50:05Z","timestamp":1527137405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Vagus nerve stimulation promotes gastric emptying by increasing pyloric opening measured with magnetic resonance imaging"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"K.\u2010H.","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"},{"name":"Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"},{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Oleson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. P.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6689-7058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T. L.","family":"Powley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychological Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8773-4204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Z.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"},{"name":"Purdue Institute for Integrative Neuroscience Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA"},{"name":"Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN 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