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Vagal inputs to the upper GI tract are cumbersome to measure non\u2010invasively. Although cardiac and GI vagal outputs arise from distinct brainstem nuclei, the nucleus ambiguus, and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, respectively, we aim to test the hypotheses that in freely moving rats HF\u2010HRV power is correlated to proximal antral motility and can be altered by high levels of circulating estrogen and vagal\u2010selective treatments known to affect antral motility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male and female Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were implanted with a miniaturized strain gauge on the proximal gastric antrum and ECG electrodes to collect simultaneous antral motility and electrocardiogram. After recovery, male rats underwent baseline recordings before and after administration of saline (N\u00a0=\u00a08), cholecystokinin (CCK; N\u00a0=\u00a07), ghrelin (N\u00a0=\u00a06), or food (N\u00a0=\u00a06). Female rats (N\u00a0=\u00a06) underwent twice\u2010daily recordings to determine baseline correlations during estrous cycle stages.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant positive correlation between HF\u2010HRV and proximal antral motility at baseline in males and females with low, but not high, estrogen levels. In male rats, the significant positive correlation was maintained following CCK, but not ghrelin or food administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data suggest that in rodents, HF\u2010HRV positively correlates to proximal antral motility at baseline conditions in males and low\u2010estrogen females or following interventions, such as CCK, known to affect vagal tone. This correlation is not observed when antral motility is influenced by more complex events.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,23]],"date-time":"2019-05-23T01:46:51Z","timestamp":1558576011000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Correlation between the motility of the proximal antrum and the high\u2010frequency power of heart rate variability in freely moving rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4563-2127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alissa L.","family":"Meister","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural and Behavioral Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Hershey Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural and Behavioral Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Hershey Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7192-0697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kim K.","family":"Doheny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neural and Behavioral Sciences Penn State College of Medicine Hershey Pennsylvania"},{"name":"Division of Neonatal\u2010Perinatal Medicine Penn State College of Medicine Hershey Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2297-7683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. 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