{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T20:55:45Z","timestamp":1784840145894,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]],"date-time":"2020-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003197","name":"Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF\u20102010\u2010231945"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF\u20102010\u2010231945"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dysphagia in the elderly, known as <jats:italic>presbydysphagia<\/jats:italic>, has become a relevant public health problem in several countries. Swallowing disorders may be a consequence of different neurological disorders (<jats:italic>secondary presbydysphagia<\/jats:italic>) or the expression of the aging process itself (<jats:italic>primary presbydysphagia<\/jats:italic>). We aimed to test the therapeutic potential of two different non\u2010invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques in subjects with primary or secondary presbydysphagia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A blinded randomized controlled trial with crossover design was carried out in 42 patients, randomly assigned to anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) or intermittent theta\u2010burst stimulation (TBS) group. Both tDCS and TBS were applied for 5 consecutive days over the right swallowing motor cortex. The swallowing function was assessed before and 1 and 3\u00a0months after the stimulation using the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (DOSS), scored based on clinical assessment and fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. An electrophysiological method was also applied to evaluate changes in the reproducibility of the swallowing behavior.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both real tDCS and TBS had beneficial effects on the swallowing function in patients with primary and secondary presbydysphagia. Anodal tDCS resulted in an improvement of 0.5 points in DOSS at 1\u2010month follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.014), whereas intermittent TBS induced an increase of 0.7 and 0.6 points at 1\u2010 and 3\u2010month follow\u2010up evaluations, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0001 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.005, respectively). Reproducibility of both the oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing significantly increased at 1\u2010month follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that non\u2010invasive cortical stimulation may be useful for dysphagia recovery in elderly patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,24]],"date-time":"2020-01-24T05:54:10Z","timestamp":1579845250000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation and intermittent theta\u2010burst stimulation improve deglutition and swallowing reproducibility in elderly patients with dysphagia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0309-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cosentino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Tassorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Neurorehabilitation Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Prunetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Bertino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pavia IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"De Icco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurorehabilitation Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Todisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Di Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics University of Palermo Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filippo","family":"Brighina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedicine Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics University of Palermo Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Schindler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences \u201cLuigi Sacco\u201d University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariangela","family":"Rondanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Department of Public Health and Experimental and Forensic Medicine University of Pavia Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Fresia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Mainardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering Politecnico di Milano Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenico A.","family":"Restivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Garibaldi Hospital Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Priori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Sciences Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Sandrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences University of Pavia Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Alfonsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology Unit IRCCS Mondino Foundation Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90013-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2008.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-015-9634-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-017-4801-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S97481"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1584155"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-017-9789-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2016.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2007.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00020840-200312000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-001-0087-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9700-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00009595"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.174698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880181014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545968312474116"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on post\u2010stroke dysphagia","volume":"30","author":"Yang EJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2010.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2011.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.188482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.602128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.09.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.04.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-018-3443-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2019.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13561"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-424X(09)70411-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2018.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00294.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2014.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1196-1217"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1999.277.1.G219"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-005-9007-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000254478.46278.67"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2007.02.060045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000445751"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.540781"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnmo.13791","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.13791","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.13791","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.13791","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T10:14:17Z","timestamp":1693908857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.13791"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.13791"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.13791","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-08-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-01-23","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13791"}}