{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T11:33:26Z","timestamp":1774265606469,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zespri International Limited"},{"name":"Paraguayan Government"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Green kiwifruit is a fiber\u2010rich fruit that has been shown effective for treatment of constipation. However, fermentation of fibers by colonic bacteria may worsen commonly associated gas\u2010related abdominal symptoms. Aim: To determine the effect of green kiwifruit on transit and tolerance to intestinal gas in humans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 11 healthy individuals, two gas challenge tests were performed (a) after 2\u00a0weeks on a low\u2010flatulogenic diet and daily intake of 2 green kiwifruits and (b) after 2\u00a0weeks on a similar diet without intake of kiwifruits. The gas challenge test consisted in continuous infusion of a mixture of gases into the jejunum at 12\u00a0mL\/min for 2\u00a0hours while measuring rectal gas evacuation, abdominal symptoms, and abdominal distension. During the 2\u00a0weeks prior to each gas challenge test (on\u2010kiwifruit and off\u2010kiwifruit), the number and consistency of stools, and abdominal symptoms were registered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intake of kiwifruits was associated with more bowel movements per day (1.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 vs 1.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 off\u2010kiwifruit; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.001) and somewhat looser stools (Bristol score 3.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 vs 2.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.1 off\u2010kiwifruit; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.072) without relevant abdominal symptoms. Gas infusion produced similar gas evacuation (1238\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0254\u00a0mL and 1172\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0290\u00a0mL; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.4355), perception of symptoms (score 1.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2 and 1.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.2367), and abdominal distension (17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07\u00a0mm and 17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06\u00a0mm; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.4704) while on\u2010kiwifruit or off\u2010kiwifruit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>In healthy subjects, green kiwifruit increases stool frequency without relevant effects on intestinal gas transit and tolerance. If confirmed in patients, these fruits may provide a natural and well\u2010tolerated treatment alternative for constipation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]],"date-time":"2020-05-20T10:38:15Z","timestamp":1589971095000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The effect of green kiwifruit on gas transit and tolerance in healthy humans"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Noemi","family":"Caballero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Motility and Functional Gut Disorders Unit Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Autonomous University of Barcelona Badalona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bouchra","family":"Benslaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Motility and Functional Gut Disorders Unit Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Autonomous University of Barcelona Badalona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliet","family":"Ansell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zespri International Limited Mt Maunganui New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2120-6270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordi","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Motility and Functional Gut Disorders Unit Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol Badalona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Autonomous University of Barcelona Badalona Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-018-1627-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. Volume 68. Nutritional Benefits of Kiwifruit","author":"Boland M","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i35.4771"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Kiwifruit improves bowel function in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation","volume":"19","author":"Chang CC","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394294-4.00012-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"967","volume-title":"ROME IV Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders\u2010Disorders of Gut\u2010Brain Interactions","author":"Mearin F","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.05336.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"CD007570","article-title":"Lactulose versus polyethylene glycol for chronic constipation","volume":"7","author":"Lee\u2010Robichaud H","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"242","volume-title":"Sleisenger & Fordtran, Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease","author":"Azpiroz F","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.60.246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.041632"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-006-3099-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05976.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35394"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70133-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13177"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.33658"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.026385"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.12.1708"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.7.971"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00873.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastrohep.2016.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2011.01709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2014.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13662"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13762"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastrohep.2015.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1968.tb19031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(87)90132-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12662"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2006.00875.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2010.408"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13647"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1948.153.3.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.09.062"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fnmo.13874","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.13874","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.13874","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.13874","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T21:29:50Z","timestamp":1693862990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.13874"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.13874"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.13874","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-05-20","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13874"}}