{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T02:48:54Z","timestamp":1792205334776,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Due to important biases, conventional end\u2010of\u2010day and end\u2010of\u2010week assessment methods of gastrointestinal symptoms in functional dyspepsia (FD) are considered suboptimal. Real\u2010time symptom assessment based on the experience sampling method (ESM) could be a more accurate measurement method. This study aimed to evaluate validity and reliability of an ESM\u2010based patient\u2010reported outcome measure (PROM) for symptom assessment in FD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010five patients with FD (25 female, mean age 44.7\u00a0years) completed the ESM\u2010based PROM (a maximum of 10 random moments per day) and an end\u2010of\u2010day symptom diary for 7 consecutive days. On day 7, end\u2010of\u2010week questionnaires were completed including the Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) and Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Index (PAGI\u2010SYM).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Experience sampling method and corresponding end\u2010of\u2010day scores for gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly associated (ICCs range 0.770\u20130.917). However, end\u2010of\u2010day scores were significantly higher (\u03940.329\u20131.031) than mean ESM scores (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Comparing ESM with NDI and PAGI\u2010SYM scores, correlations were weaker (Pearson's <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> range 0.467\u20130.846). Cronbach's <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> coefficient was good for upper gastrointestinal symptoms (<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.842). First half\u2010week and second half\u2010week scores showed very good consistency (ICCs range 0.913\u20130.975).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Good validity and reliability of a novel ESM\u2010based PROM for assessing gastrointestinal symptoms in FD patients was demonstrated. Moreover, this novel PROM allows to evaluate individual symptom patterns and can evaluate interactions between symptoms and environmental\/contextual factors. ESM has the potential to increase patients' disease insight, provide tools for self\u2010management, and improve shared decision making. Hence, this novel tool may aid in the transition toward personalized health care for FD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]],"date-time":"2021-05-02T08:34:44Z","timestamp":1619944484000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Psychometric evaluation of an experience sampling method\u2013based patient\u2010reported outcome measure in functional dyspepsia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1519-4026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Klaassen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1761-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabienne G. M.","family":"Smeets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7316-3191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Vork","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3206-6704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Tack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Translational Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID) University of Leuven Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2537-3092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Talley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1155-1313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magnus","family":"Simr\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine Institute of Medicine Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2718-2065","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qasim","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine &amp; Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6371-4359","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander C.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leeds Gastroenterology Institute Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust Leeds UK"},{"name":"Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's University of Leeds Leeds UK"},{"name":"Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences University of Leeds Leeds UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7102-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joanna W.","family":"Kruimel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0659-0358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Conchillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1553-5705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carsten","family":"Leue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5819-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian A. M.","family":"Masclee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9856-9980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Keszthelyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology\u2010Hepatology Department of Internal Medicine School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM) Maastricht University Medical Centre+ Maastricht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30003-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-016-0164-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2011.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2007.01080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services FaDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER) Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH).Guidance for industry patient\u2010reported outcome measures: use in medical product development to support labeling claims.2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13327"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3563494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.246"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2006.00790.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.01.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-2456(02)00320-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291708004947"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12624"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13496"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-8-43"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(95)90373-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.3.279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-006-0046-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13756"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1999.00445.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001314"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01363.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-004-9567-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.10.1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2005.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0447.2003.02025.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000209"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26481\/dis.19950504pd","volume-title":"Assessing Schizophrenia in Daily Life the Experience Sampling Method","author":"Delespaul P","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2010.01596.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.193662"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640614558345"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0186294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","unstructured":"Clinical Outcome Assessments (COA) Qualification Program DDTCOA: Functional Dyspepsia Symptom Diary (FDSD).2017.https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/125024\/download. Accessed October 27 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ebmental-2016-102418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04640.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04510.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2010.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06656.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2005.078634"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.22647"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2015.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014662168500900205"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2006.03.012"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.14136","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.14136","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.14136","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T01:02:14Z","timestamp":1693357334000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.14136"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.14136"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.14136","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-15","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-03-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14136"}}