{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:04:21Z","timestamp":1791497061661,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastrointestinal infections represent a risk factor for functional gastrointestinal and somatoform extraintestinal disorders. We investigated the prevalence and relative risk (RR) of gastrointestinal and somatoform symptoms 5\u00a0months after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection compared with a control cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred and sixty\u2010four SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infected patients and 183 controls responded to an online questionnaire about symptoms and signs during the acute phase of the infection and after 4.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0months. Presence and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, somatization, anxiety, and depression were recorded with standardized questionnaires. Stool form and presence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were also recorded. Any association between exposure to infection and symptoms was evaluated by calculating crude and adjusted RR values and score differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fever, dyspnea, loss of smell\/taste\/weight, diarrhea, myalgia, arthralgia, and asthenia were reported by more than 40% of patients during the acute phase. Compared with controls, adjusted RRs for loose stools, chronic fatigue, and somatization were increased after infection: 1.88 (95% CI 0.99\u20133.54), 2.24 (95% CI 1.48\u20133.37), and 3.62 (95% CI 1.01\u20136.23), respectively. Gastrointestinal sequelae were greater in patients with diarrhea during the acute phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mild gastroenterological symptoms persist 5\u00a0months after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection, in particular in patients reporting diarrhea in the acute phase. Infected patients are at increased risk of chronic fatigue and somatoform disorders, thus supporting the hypothesis that both functional gastrointestinal and somatoform disorders may have a common biological origin.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T22:55:34Z","timestamp":1622588134000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Functional gastrointestinal and somatoform symptoms five months after SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection: A controlled cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3482-0109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Noviello","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Costantino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Muscatello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bandera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy"},{"name":"Infectious Disease Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dario","family":"Consonni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Vecchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation University of Milan Milan Italy"},{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5043-9666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Basilisco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO).Naming the coronavirus disease (COVID\u2010 19) and the virus that causes it.2019.https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel\u2010coronavirus\u20102019\/technical\u2010guidance\/naming\u2010the\u2010coronavirus\u2010disease\u2010(covid\u20102019). 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