{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:17:49Z","timestamp":1787015869981,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Excessive belching is frequently reported in adult patients with gastro\u2010oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) and dyspepsia. Although postprandial gastric belching (GB) is considered a physiological mechanism for gastric venting, supra\u2010gastric belching (SGB) is considered a distinct behavioural disorder. We aimed to define the prevalence of different types of belching and its association with reflux disease in paediatric patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analysed reflux monitoring studies from 287 patients (median age: 7.0 years; interquartile range 3.0\u201311.3 years) with a suspicion of GORD. Based on oesophageal acid exposure time (AET) patients were divided in 3 groups: (a) physiological AET, (b) borderline AET and (c) pathological AET. MII\u2010pH studies were manually edited and reflux disease parameters were measured together with quantification of GB and SGB.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Two hundred one children (70.0%) had physiological AET (median: 0.8; interquartile range 0.3\u20131.6), 52 (18.1%) had borderline AET (median: 4.2; interquartile range 3.4\u20135.3) and 34 (11.9%) had pathologic AET (median: 10.7; interquartile range 9.1\u201314.2). Gastric belching was observed in all studies. Gastric belching related reflux was more frequently observed in patients with borderline and pathological AET (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). This was more common in older children. SGB were observed in only 7 (2.4%) children (age range: 8\u201317years) in our population and all patients had Physiological AET. Only 3 (1%) patients had pathological number of SGB (&gt;13\/24 h).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gastric belching related reflux is observed in children with increased AET. SGB is very rare in the paediatric population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14194","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T03:10:14Z","timestamp":1625109014000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Belching in children: Prevalence and association with gastroesophageal reflux disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2290-1187","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Masui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Upper GI Physiology Unit Royal London Hospital Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of London London UK"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery Kurume University School of Medicine Kurume 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