{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:34:43Z","timestamp":1789385683782,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n This systematic review and meta\u2010analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of pharmacological agents for neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia based on evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Electronic databases were systematically searched between January 1970 and March 2021. Two reviewers independently extracted and synthesized the data. The outcome measure was changed in (any) relevant clinical swallowing\u2010related characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key results<\/jats:title>\n \n Data from 2186 dysphagic patients were collected from 14 RCT studies across a range of pharmacotherapies. The pooled effect size of transient receptor potential (TRP) channel agonists was large compared to placebo interventions (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=1.27[0.74,1.80],\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a079%). Data were limited for other pharmacological agents and the overall pooled effect size of these agents was non\u2010significant (SMD [95% CI]\u00a0=0.25 [\u22120.24, 0.73];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.31;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a085%). When analyzed separately, large effect sizes were observed with Nifedipine (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=1.13[0.09,2.18];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.03) and Metoclopramide (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=1.68[1.08,2.27];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0<\u00a00.001). By contrast, the effects of angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.67[\u22122.32,0.99];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.43;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a061%), Physostigmine (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.05[\u22121.03,0.93];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.92) and Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) (SMD [95% CI]\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.01 [\u22120.11, 0.08];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.78) were non\u2010significant. Within stroke patients, subgroup analysis showed that TRP channel agonists had a moderate pooled effect size (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=0.74[0.10,1.39];\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.02;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a082%) whereas the effects of other agents were non\u2010significant (SMD[95%CI]\u00a0=0.40[\u22120.04,0.84];\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\u00a00.07;\n I<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u00a0=\u00a087%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions & Inferences<\/jats:title>\n Our results showed that TRP channel agonists, Nifedipine and Metoclopromide may be beneficial for neurogenic dysphagic patients. Large scale, multicenter clinical trials are warranted to fully explore their therapeutic effects on swallowing.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]],"date-time":"2021-08-01T23:37:20Z","timestamp":1627861040000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Effects of pharmacological agents for neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5853-7976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivy","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester M6 8HD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2050-0726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayodele","family":"Sasegbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester M6 8HD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9640-7427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaheen","family":"Hamdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Gastrointestinal Sciences Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology School of Medical Sciences Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester M6 8HD UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"International Classification of Diseases for Mortality and Morbidity Statistics","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2015.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2011.01182.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2013.28.10.1534"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9695-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148424"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000190056.76543.eb"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.27.7.1200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-001-0113-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210313"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-014-9543-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"CD000323","article-title":"Swallowing therapy for dysphagia in acute and subacute stroke","volume":"10","author":"Bath PM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000523"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.13068"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00840.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S138357"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000463382"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284819842043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-013-0920-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.2006.02666.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2009.01031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25262"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)65809-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05805-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00009543"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.1987.tb00614.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.006639"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13397"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-017-0548-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00009600"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12701"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92638-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.113.5.1425"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","unstructured":"HigginsJPT ThomasJ ChandlerJ CumpstonM LiT PageMJ WelchVA(eds).Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (updated February 2021).Cochrane.2021:Available fromwww.training.cochrane.org\/handbook."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2702.2001.00502.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/136132899805577051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v8.i6.288"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00417897"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12626"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01354538"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00431416"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070766"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02196"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200506210-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.20079"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of Capsaicinoids on neurophysiological, biochemical, and mechanical parameters of swallowing function","volume":"18","author":"Suntrup\u2010Krueger S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/pulp.1996.0042"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000096395.80826.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-017-9867-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.00386"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Oropharyngeal dysphagia in older people is associated with reduced pharyngeal sensitivity and low substance P and CGRP concentration in Saliva","volume":"36","author":"Tomsen N","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-012-0049-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-198530030-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-98-1-86"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.001301"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61121-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.9308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(98)70081-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13327"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology & Motility"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.14220","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/nmo.14220","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/nmo.14220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T03:21:58Z","timestamp":1692933718000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/nmo.14220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/nmo.14220"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nmo.14220","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1350-1925","1365-2982"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1350-1925","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2982","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-25","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e14220"}}