{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T01:18:15Z","timestamp":1793409495535,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004752","name":"State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common gastrointestinal condition of poorly understood pathophysiology. While symptoms\u2019 overlap with other conditions may indicate common pathogenetic mechanisms, genetic predisposition is suspected but has not been adequately investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using healthcare, questionnaire, and genetic data from three large population\u2010based biobanks (UK Biobank, EGCUT, and MGI), we surveyed FD comorbidities, heritability, and genetic correlations across a wide spectrum of conditions and traits in 10,078 cases and 351,282 non\u2010FD controls of European ancestry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In UK Biobank, 281 diagnoses were detected at increased prevalence in FD, based on healthcare records. Among these, gastrointestinal conditions (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.0,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a01.0\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                      <jats:sup>\u2212300<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), anxiety disorders (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.3,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a01.4\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                      <jats:sup>\u221227<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), ischemic heart disease (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.2,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a02.3\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                      <jats:sup>\u221276<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), and infectious and parasitic diseases (OR\u00a0=\u00a02.1,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a01.5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                      <jats:sup>\u221273<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) showed strongest association with FD. Similar results were obtained in an analysis of self\u2010reported conditions and use of medications from questionnaire data. Based on a genome\u2010wide association meta\u2010analysis of genotypes across all cohorts, FD heritability was estimated close to 5% (\n                      <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/nmo14236-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:13501925:media:nmo14236:nmo14236-math-0001\"\/>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.047,\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u00a00.014). Genetic correlations indicate FD predisposition is shared with several other diseases and traits (r\n                      <jats:sub>g<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a00.344), mostly overlapping with those also enriched in FD patients. Suggestive (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a05.0\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                      <jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) association with FD risk was detected for 13\u00a0loci, with 2\u00a0showing nominal replication (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u00a00.05) in an independent cohort of 192 FD patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FD has a weak heritable component that shows commonalities with multiple conditions across a wide spectrum of pathophysiological domains. This new knowledge contributes to a better understanding of FD etiology and may have implications for improving its treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,11]],"date-time":"2021-08-11T06:18:01Z","timestamp":1628662681000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["A survey of functional dyspepsia in 361,360 individuals: Phenotypic and genetic cross\u2010disease analyses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Koldo","family":"Garcia\u2010Etxebarria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Biodonostia Health Research Institute  San Sebastian Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Hep\u00e1ticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology Unit 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