{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T21:30:27Z","timestamp":1776893427566,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645660800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Abdominal bloating and distension are prevalent gastrointestinal symptoms. Our aim was to design and validate a questionnaire to reliably measure the multiple symptom components of bloating and distension in the outpatient setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 45\u2010item questionnaire was developed after an extensive literature review. Face and content validity were established through expert review and a focus group.\u00a0Validation was achieved by administering an identical questionnaire 1\u00a0week apart. Data were\u00a0assessed using standard methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty one patients returned both questionnaires (85% women; mean age\u00a0=\u00a044\u00a0years). Respondents reported a variety of diagnoses, including irritable bowel syndrome (63%), gastroesophageal reflux disease (54%), functional dyspepsia (27%), small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (22%), and gastroparesis (17%). Test\u2010retest reliability revealed excellent agreement (<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2265\u00a00.81) and substantial agreement (0.61\u00a0\u2264\u00a0<jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.81) for 29% and 43% of categorical questions, respectively. Alternate\u2010parallel form reliability was supported by association between responses for questions that evaluated missing school\/work and questions that evaluated symptom impact on daily activities (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Patients who missed school\/work due to bloating symptoms were more likely to report a severe impact on their ability to enjoy life (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and their overall well\u2010being (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). Contingency analyses revealed an association between overall 7\u2010day symptom severity and impact on daily activities (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), enjoying life (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), and overall well\u2010being (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions and Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>This novel questionnaire demonstrated good validity and reliability in patients with symptoms of bloating and distension. The questionnaire was easy to use and score, making it a potentially useful tool for both research studies and clinical purposes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]],"date-time":"2022-02-24T18:12:09Z","timestamp":1645726329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Development and validation of a novel scoring system for bloating and distension: The Mayo Bloating Questionnaire"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4121-7970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian E.","family":"Lacy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9038-7012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David J.","family":"Cangemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0798-8480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Journey L.","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic  Jacksonville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Crowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic  Scottsdale Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.03.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.2.216"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.1.14"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01303162"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005554103531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000092887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-005-9005-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm15167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.142810"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e318189a7f9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2011.04637.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2001.05336.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2003.07699.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01009.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2008.01997.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2011.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4863.201153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"S17","article-title":"Impairment in work productivity and health\u2010related quality of life in patients with IBS","volume":"11","author":"Dean BB","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000079846"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2006.10.010"}],"container-title":["Neurogastroenterology &amp; 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