{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T13:58:05Z","timestamp":1790517485154,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Itopride, a mixed D2 antagonist and cholinesterase inhibitor, has prokinetic effects on gastric motility. The Leuven Postprandial Distress Scale is a validated patient\u2010reported outcome instrument for functional dyspepsia (FD) postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). We aimed to use the LPDS to assess treatment outcome in PDS and PDS\/EPS (epigastric pain syndrome).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with PDS, with or without non\u2010predominant EPS symptoms, were enrolled in an 8\u2010week double\u2010blind placebo\u2010controlled multi\u2010center trial with itopride (100\u00a0mg t.i.d.). Patients completed LPDS diaries and questionnaires to assess treatment response. Mann\u2013Whitney test and mixed models were used.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred patients (79% females, 39.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.5\u00a0yo) were included. No significant difference was observed between treatment arms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.6). Compared to baseline, itopride treatment significantly improved the LPDS score (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001) and all individual symptoms (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001). In the placebo arm, this was only the case for belching and epigastric pain (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). In an exploratory analysis, outcomes in \u201cpure\u201d PDS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a045) and overlapping PDS\/EPS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a055) patients were assessed and showed that the latter subgroup has the largest benefit with itopride compared to placebo (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the LPDS score in a pilot controlled trial in FD, itopride shows no therapeutic benefit over placebo after 8\u00a0weeks of treatment. In an exploratory post hoc analysis, itopride but not placebo was associated with improvement of symptoms compared to baseline, and this was most prominent in patients with overlapping PDS\/EPS. The efficacy of itopride in this subgroup needs to be evaluated in a large study using the same outcome measure. (clinialtrials.org ref.: NCT04647955).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,31]],"date-time":"2022-03-31T11:49:59Z","timestamp":1648727399000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["A double\u2010blind randomized, multicenter, placebo\u2010controlled study of itopride in functional dyspepsia postprandial distress syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Florencia","family":"Carbone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Neurogastroenterology &amp; Motility University of Leuven TARGID  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Vandenberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Consultant  Chaumont\u2010Gistoux Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lieselot","family":"Holvoet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Neurogastroenterology &amp; 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