{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T18:13:17Z","timestamp":1774635197014,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005006","name":"Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2011\u20100524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011\u20100524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005006","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neurogastroenterology Motil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Currently, there are no high\u2010resolution impedance manometry (HRIM)\u2010based diagnostic criteria for non\u2010obstructive dysphagia (NOD). New impedance parameters, such as the esophageal impedance integral (EII) and volume of inverted impedance (VII) ratios, have shown strong correlations with bolus transit. This study compared the EII and VII ratios as diagnostic tools for NOD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed 36 participants (12 patients with achalasia, 12 patients with NOD [7 with normal motility and 5 with ineffective esophageal motility], and 12 asymptomatic controls) who underwent HRIM with a maximum of 5 swallows per participant. The EII and VII ratios were calculated as Z2 (post\u2010swallow)\/Z1 (pre\u2010swallow). Bolus transit was retrospectively evaluated using transluminal impedance analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both EII and VII ratios could effectively distinguish the achalasia group from the non\u2010achalasia groups (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC]: 0.83 for VII vs. 0.80 for EII; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.73). However, the VII ratio was significantly better in discriminating asymptomatic controls from patients with dysphagia (NOD\u2009+\u2009achalasia) (AUROC: 0.81 vs. 0.68; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01). Moreover, the VII ratio was better in discriminating asymptomatic controls from patients with NOD (AUROC: 0.68 vs. 0.51; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.06). In repeated swallows, the VII ratio was consistently the lowest in controls and the highest in patients with achalasia, whereas the EII ratio did not show a consistent pattern.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions &amp; Inferences<\/jats:title><jats:p>The VII ratio was more reliable than the EII ratio for describing bolus transit and distinguishing patients with NOD from asymptomatic controls, even during repeated measures of subsequent swallows.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T18:49:38Z","timestamp":1661280578000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["High\u2010resolution impedance manometry for comparing bolus transit between patients with non\u2010obstructive dysphagia and asymptomatic controls"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Boram","family":"Cha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Digestive Disease Center Inha University School of Medicine  Incheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyungmin","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3771-3691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kee Wook","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hwa Jung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ga Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Chung\u2010Ang University, College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Kyong","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Yong","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kee Don","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Do Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ho June","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gin Hyug","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hwoon\u2010Yong","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1681-3845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Segyeong","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul South 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